BTECH (6TH SEM)

Water Resource Engineering-CE603(A)

Department of civil engineering Trinity institute of
Technology and Research

TRINITY
GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
A VENTURE OF PRESTIGE EDUCATION
AND SHREE JAIRAM EDUCATION SOCIETY

GUIDED BY- Submitted by;- Rahul Hingve

Mayank sahu sir Enroll. No. -0198CE223D43
Hydrological Cycle
It's the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the
surface of the Earth.
This cycle involves processes like evaporation,
condensation, precipitation,
and runoff, which play a crucial
role in shaping Earth's ecosystems
and climate.
Precipitation and Its Measurement
• Precipitation refers to any form of water, such as rain, snow, or
sleet, that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.
Measuring precipitation is essential for understanding weather
patterns and predicting floods or droughts. Various methods like
rain gauges, radar, and satellites are used for measurement.
Recording and Non-recording Rain
Gauges
• Recording rain gauges automatically record precipitation over
time, while non-recording rain gauges need manual observation.
Each type has its advantages and disadvantages, depending on the
specific requirements of the study or application.
Estimating Missing Rainfall Data:
• Sometimes, rainfall data might be missing due to equipment
malfunction or other reasons. Estimating missing data is crucial for
maintaining the continuity of hydrological records. Techniques like
interpolation or statistical analysis are used for this purpose
Rain Gauge Networks:
• Rain gauge networks consist of multiple rain gauges strategically
placed to provide comprehensive coverage of an area. These
networks help in accurately assessing spatial variations in
precipitation and are essential for various hydrological studies and
water resource management.
Mean Depth of Precipitation over a
Drainage Area
• Mean depth of precipitation refers to the average depth of rainfall over
a specific drainage area. It's calculated by dividing the total volume of
rainfall by the area of the watershed. This parameter is significant for
understanding the overall water balance of a region.
Mass Rainfall Curves
• Mass rainfall curves represent the cumulative rainfall depth over a
certain period for a particular storm event. They provide insights into
the distribution and intensity of rainfall, which are crucial for flood
risk assessment and hydraulic design.
Intensity-Duration Curves:
• Intensity-duration curves show the relationship between rainfall
intensity and duration for a given location. They help in
understanding the frequency and magnitude of rainfall events,
aiding in infrastructure design and flood management.
Depth-Area Duration Curves
• Depth-area duration curves illustrate how rainfall depth varies across
different areas and durations within a watershed. These curves assist in
analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, aiding in
hydrological modeling and risk assessment.
Infiltration and Infiltration Indices
• Infiltration is the process by which water penetrates into the soil
surface. Infiltration indices quantify the rate at which water infiltrates
and are used to assess soil permeability and infiltration capacity, which
are crucial for groundwater recharge and flood forecasting.