Holocaust

• Element: Identify Nazi ideology, policies, and

consequences that led to the Holocaust.

• Vocabulary: Nazi ideology, Holocaust

 Nazi Ideology
Nazi Racism:
• idea that the Germans,
or Aryans, were the
“Master race”
• all non-Aryans were
inferior; especially the
Jews
 Nazi Ideology
Anti-Semitism:
• hatred of Jewish people
• long existed in Western Europe
• during the depression of the 1920s Hitler
claimed the entire Jewish community were anti-
German and the source of the nation’s
problems
• Jewish leaders also played a dominate role in
the acceptance of the Treaty Versailles in 1919
Nazi Ideology
After 1920s:
• Jews became the
national enemy of
Germany
 Policies
First Solution:
• Nuremburg Laws – laws passed to reduce the right of
Jewish people in Germany
• ex. German and Jews could not marry
 Policies
Kristallnacht:
• “night of broken glass”
• terror campaign against
Jewish synagogues and
Jewish owned
businesses
Kristallnacht
 Policies
Isolation:
• All Jews were forced to wear a patch with the Star of
David
• Ghettos - Germans began moving Jews into
designated cities then into run down parts of the
city known as ghettos
• Concentration Camps – Hitler moved Jews out of
the cities to work camps that forced the Jews to
work for the Nazi’s. Stripped the Jewish community
of individuality, taking way all their belongings.
Identifying Jews
The Warsaw Ghetto in Poland
 Policies
Final Solution:
• Concentration camps became death camps:
example Auschwitz
• Hitler’s plan for genocide or killing off of the
Jews
• SS troops (Hitler’s security force) became killing
squads that searched through all German
controlled territories hunting down Jews
SS Killing Squads
Extermination Camps
Auschwitz Extermination
Camp
Concentration Camps

Buchenwald Camp
 Consequences of the Holocaust
• the slaughter of an estimated 6 million Jews
(does not include Roma-Gypsies, Slavs, Poles,
Handicapped, among others)
• Nuremberg Trials: Nazi leaders brought to trial
for “crimes against humanity” (Holocaust)
• The Holocaust matters today because the
violence against the Jews led to the founding
of Israel after World War II.
 Jews Killed Under Nazi Rule
Original Jews Killed Percent
Jewish Surviving
Population
Poland 3,300,000 2,800,000 15%
Soviet Union 2,100,000 1,500,000 29%
Hungary 404,000 200,000 49%
Romania 850,000 425,000 50%
Germany/ 270,000 210,000 22%
Austria
 Aftermath
• General Eisenhower inspects a camp in 1945.