Chapter 19

Convex Lens
and
Concave Lens
Michelle Emily Chloe Susanna Selina
Concept of Lens /19.1

 Convex Lens: 1.The middle part is thick.

(converging lens) 2.The edges is thin.

 Concave Lens: 1.The middle part is thin.

(diverging lens) 2.The edges is thick.

Edges: 邊緣
Features of lenses: Convex lens ---- Convergence
Concave lens ---- Divergent
Three special rays:The center remains the same
The parallel is overfocused.
Overfocus parallel
Complete the ray map
The center remains the same
The parallel is overfocused.
Overfocus parallel
Convex lens ---- Convergence
Concave lens ---- Divergent
 The center remains the same
The parallel is overfocused.
Overfocus parallel
1)Draw Incidence of ray AB
2)The refraction of light AB through a concave
lens
3)Find the degree of the incident ray
3.AC is a beam of light emitted from object A that hits the
convex lens, and A'B' is a virtual image of AB,.Draw the light
refracted by AC through the convex lens is made and the focus
is found by plotting
The center remains the same
The parallel is overfocused.
Overfocus parallel
 Basic formation of Images of Concave Lens

(Virtual focus)

(refracted ray passes through the focus)

(Virtual focus)

(refracted ray parallel to the principal axis)

refracted ray: 折射綫

/19.1 Virtual focus: 虛焦點
/19.2 Construction of Images of Convex Lens
1. u=∞ 4. u>2F
• Real image • Real image
• Inverted • Inverted
• Diminished • Diminished

2. u=2F 5. F<u<2F
• Real image • Real image
• Inverted • Inverted
• Same size as O • Magnified

3. u=F 6. u<F
• The image formed • Virtual image
at infinity • Erect
• Diminished
/19.2 Construction of Images of Concave Lens

1. c<u<F
• Virtual image
• Erect
• diminished

2. u=∞
• Virtual image
• Erect
• diminished
Property of Images
Real Image Virtual Image
(Inverted/erect)
Direction Inverted Erect

(One
Position (relative to lens) Two sides One side
side/two sides)

(Yes/no)
Captured on screen? Yes No

(Yes/no)
Be photographed? Yes Yes

Inverted: 倒立的
Erect: 正立的
/19.2
Liner magnification of images (graphical method)
 Linear magnification (m)
 The high of object ()
/19.3
 The high of image ()
 v=image distance
 u=object distance The formula of liner magnification:

m image m= =
>1 Magnified

=1 Same size as the object

<1 Diminished
Lens formula /19.4
 The formula:  Real-is-positive:

 u always positive

 v positive for real image

negative for virtual image

 f positive for convex lens

negative for concave lens
Thank
You!

/END