I N T E G R AT I O N O F

MICRO/SMART GRIDS
I N T O R E N E WA B L E E N E R G Y
SYSTEM

REPRESENTED BY : REHANULLAH WAHIDI

ROLL NUMBER : 2200521685007
STUDIED : M.TECH (2nd SEMESTER)
 INTRODUCTION
• Microgrids and smart grids are revolutionizing the integration of renewable energy systems. In this
presentation, we will explore the concept, challenges, and benefits of integrating micro/smart grids into
renewable energy systems.

• Renewable energy systems and micro/smart grids are revolutionizing the way we generate and distribute
electricity. This presentation explores the integration of micro/smart grids into renewable energy systems
and the benefits they bring
 W H AT A R E M I C R O G R I D S ?

• Microgrids are localized power systems that can operate

independently or connect to the main grid.
• They enable communities to generate, store, and
distribute their own energy.
• Microgrids offer increased reliability, resilience, and the
ability to incorporate renewable energy sources.
• Microgrids can power small communities, campuses, or
industrial facilities
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICRO GRID
CONNECTED TO MAIN GRID
 W H AT A R E S M A RT G R I D S ?

• Smart grids enable advanced monitoring, control, and

optimization of energy distribution.
• They integrate communication and information
technologies to manage power generation, transmission,
and consumption efficiently.
• Smart grids enhance grid reliability, efficiency, and
sustainability
 DIFFFERENCE BETWEEN MICRO AND
SMART GRIDS

• Microgrids and smart grids are both innovative

approaches to energy distribution and
management that offer increased reliability,
efficiency, and flexibility.
• Microgrids are localized power systems that can
operate independently from the main grid.
• Smart grids are intelligent electrical networks that
incorporate advanced communication and control
technologies.
 WHY INTEGRATION ?
• Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and
geothermal are transforming the energy landscape.
• Integration is necessary due to their intermittent nature.
Renewable energy systems harness these sources to
generate clean, sustainable electricity
• Renewable energy systems and micro/smart grids are
transforming the energy landscape
• The integration of micro/smart grids into renewable
energy systems offers numerous benefits
• Microgrids are localized energy systems that can operate
independently or connect to the main grid. They provide
increased reliability, resilience, and the potential for local
energy generation
• Smart grids enable advanced monitoring, control, and
optimization of energy distribution. Communication and
information technologies play a vital role in smart grid
operations
R E N E WA B L E E N E R G Y
SYSTEMS

• Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro,

and geothermal are essential for a sustainable future

• Integration is necessary to harness the intermittent

nature of renewable energy
 • Integrating renewable energy into the
existing grid poses challenges related to
variable generation, demand
management, and grid stability
• New infrastructure and technologies are
required to overcome these challenges
I N T E G R AT I O N • Integration offers improved energy
CHALLENGES efficiency, reduced emissions, and
increased grid flexibility
• Micro/smart grids enable local energy
generation, community empowerment,
and enhanced energy resilience
 CASE STUDIES
• Real-world case studies demonstrate successful integration
of micro/smart grids into renewable energy systems
• These projects showcase the benefits and provide valuable
insights for future implementations
• Energy storage systems, such as batteries and pumped
hydro, play a crucial role in balancing renewable energy
supply and demand
• Demand response mechanisms and grid management
software optimize energy consumption and grid operations
• Supportive policies, incentives, market mechanisms, and
standards are essential for promoting micro/smart grid
integration
• Progressive countries and regions have implemented
favorable frameworks to encourage renewable energy and
micro/smart grid deployment
 CASE STUDY 1:
Jeju Island, South Korea Jeju Island, a popular tourist destination in South Korea, successfully integrated a smart grid into
its renewable energy systems, primarily utilizing solar and wind power. Here are the key highlights of this integration:
• Renewable Energy Generation: Jeju Island installed numerous solar panels and wind turbines to harness renewable
energy from its abundant natural resources. These sources were geographically dispersed across the island.
• Smart Grid Infrastructure: A comprehensive smart grid infrastructure was implemented, connecting power generation
sources, distribution networks, and consumers. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) was deployed to monitor and
manage electricity usage in real-time.
• Demand Response and Energy Management: The smart grid enabled demand response programs, allowing consumers to
adjust their electricity usage based on supply and demand conditions. Consumers were incentivized to shift their energy
consumption to off-peak hours, leading to better load management and optimization of renewable energy utilization.
• Integration of Electric Vehicles (EVs): Jeju Island promoted the adoption of electric vehicles and established a charging
infrastructure. The smart grid facilitated the integration of EV charging stations, allowing efficient charging during periods
of high renewable energy availability.
• Grid Stability and Ancillary Services: The smart grid continuously monitored the grid's stability and employed advanced
control algorithms to balance supply and demand. It enabled the island to provide ancillary services to the national grid,
contributing to overall grid stability and reliability.
 CASE STUDY 2:
Rock Port, Missouri, United States Rock Port, a small town in Missouri, achieved global recognition by becoming the first
community in the United States to be powered entirely by wind energy. The integration of a microgrid played a vital role in this
achievement. Here are the key features of this successful integration:

1. Wind Turbine Installation: In 2008, four large wind turbines with a total capacity of 1.5 MW were installed near Rock Port.
These turbines generated electricity from wind power and fed it into the local grid .

2. Microgrid Implementation: To enhance the reliability and resilience of the town's power supply, a microgrid was established.
It integrated the existing electrical infrastructure with the wind turbines, energy storage systems, and a backup diesel generator.

3. Load Management and Energy Storage: The microgrid system effectively managed the variable nature of wind energy by
using energy storage systems, specifically batteries. Excess energy generated during high-wind periods was stored in batteries,
and during low-wind periods, stored energy was used to meet the town's electricity demands.

4. Grid Independence and Resilience: The microgrid ensured that Rock Port could operate independently from the main grid
during power outages. This resilience proved beneficial during severe weather events and allowed the town to maintain essential
services.
FIGURE- JEJU ISLAND, SOUTH KOREA
 TECHNOLOGY AND
INFRASTRUCTURE

• Energy storage systems play a vital role in managing

the intermittent nature of renewable energy.

• Advanced grid management software, smart meters,

and sensors optimize energy consumption.

• Integration requires the deployment of robust

infrastructure and communication networks
The integration of micro/smart grids into renewable energy systems (RES) requires a combination of various
technologies and infrastructure to ensure efficient and reliable operation. Here are some key components and
considerations:

1.Distributed Energy Resources (DERs): Micro/smart grids rely on DERs, such as solar panels, wind turbines,
small-scale hydroelectric generators, and energy storage systems. These resources generate and store electricity locally,
reducing the dependency on traditional centralized power plants.

2.Communication and Control Systems: Smart grids require robust communication and control systems to
monitor, manage, and coordinate the flow of electricity within the grid. This includes advanced metering infrastructure
(AMI) to collect real-time data, sensors for monitoring grid conditions, and control systems for optimizing energy
generation, distribution, and consumption.

3.Energy Management Systems (EMS): EMS software is used to analyze data collected from various grid
components and optimize their operation. It enables real-time monitoring, demand forecasting, load balancing, and the
integration of DERs into the grid. EMS helps ensure grid stability, reliability, and efficient utilization of renewable
resources.

4.Energy Storage Systems (ESS): ESS plays a crucial role in micro/smart grids by storing excess energy
generated during periods of low demand and supplying it during peak demand or when renewable generation is low.
Battery storage systems, pumped hydro storage, flywheels, and compressed air energy storage are among the
commonly used technologies for energy storage.
5.Power Electronics and Grid Inverters: Power electronic devices and grid inverters convert and control the flow of
electricity between the grid, DERs, and energy storage systems. These devices ensure the integration and synchronization of
different energy sources, maintaining grid stability and quality.

6.Grid Automation and Control: Automation technologies enable real-time monitoring, fault detection, and self-
healing capabilities within the grid. This helps optimize power flow, prevent blackouts, and reduce downtime. Automated
switches, reclosers, and fault location devices are examples of grid automation components.

7.Demand Response (DR) Systems: DR systems allow grid operators to manage electricity demand during peak
periods by incentivizing consumers to reduce or shift their electricity usage. Smart meters and smart appliances enable real-
time monitoring and control of electricity consumption, facilitating effective demand response programs.

8.Cybersecurity Measures: As micro/smart grids rely on digital communication and control systems, robust
cybersecurity measures are essential to protect against cyber threats. This includes encryption, authentication protocols,
intrusion detection systems, and continuous monitoring to ensure grid resilience and reliability.

9.Policy and Regulatory Framework: To facilitate the integration of micro/smart grids into RES, supportive policy
and regulatory frameworks are crucial. These may include feed-in tariffs, net metering, financial incentives, and standards
for interoperability and grid interconnection.
10.Grid Interconnection and Integration: Micro/smart grids need to be interconnected with the main utility grid to
ensure reliable power supply and grid stability. Grid interconnection standards and protocols must be followed to enable
seamless integration and exchange of power between the micro/smart grids and the main grid.

Overall, the integration of micro/smart grids into RES requires a holistic approach that combines various technologies,
infrastructure components, and supportive policies. The goal is to optimize the utilization of renewable energy resources,
enhance grid resilience, and achieve a more sustainable and decentralized energy system.
FUTURE OUTLOOK

• Emerging technologies, such as

blockchain and artificial intelligence,
hold promise for enhancing micro/smart
grid integration
• The future outlook involves increased
consumer participation, decentralization,
and the growth of energy communities
ECONOMIC
C O N S I D E R AT I O N S

• Integration of micro/smart grids into

renewable energy systems offers
economic benefits through reduced
reliance on fossil fuels and enhanced
energy security
• It promotes job creation and local
economic development, contributing to a
sustainable and resilient economy
E N V I R O N M E N TA L
I M PA C T

• Integration of micro/smart grids into

renewable energy systems reduces
greenhouse gas emissions and mitigates
climate change
• It supports the transition to a cleaner and
more sustainable energy mix
 SOCIAL BENEFITS
• Micro/smart grid integration empowers communities,
enabling them to actively participate in the energy transition
• It enhances energy access, affordability, and reliability,
leading to improved quality of life
• Overcoming regulatory barriers, technical complexities, and
financial constraints are key challenges
• Collaboration among stakeholders, innovative business
models, and supportive policies are the solutions
• Continued research and development efforts are essential
for advancing micro/smart grid integration into renewable
energy systems
• Innovation in energy storage, grid management, and
communication technologies will drive future progress
• Integration offers improved energy efficiency, reduced
emissions, and increased grid flexibility. Micro/smart grids
enable efficient utilization of renewable energy resources.
Local energy generation and community empowerment are
potential benefits.
 SOCIAL BENEFITS

International collaboration
and knowledge sharing are
vital for accelerating the
integration of micro/smart
grids into renewable energy
systems
Sharing best practices and
lessons learned can foster
global energy
transformation
 I M P L E M E N TAT I O N S T R AT E G I E S

Developing comprehensive
energy plans, setting
renewable energy targets, and
incentivizing micro/smart grid
investments are effective
implementation strategies
Public-private partnerships
and community engagement
are also important for
successful deployment
 CONCLUSION

Integration of micro/smart
Collaboration, innovation,
grids into renewable energy
and supportive policies are
systems is crucial for a
key to accelerating this
sustainable, resilient, and
integration
decentralized energy future
THANK
YOU