GAIT ASSESMENT

JATIN KAUSHIK
BPT 4TH YEAR
GAIT CYCLE
Gait cycle spans two successive events of the same
limb, usually initially contact of the lower extremity
with supporting surface.
Phase of gait

STANCE HASE

• 60%

SWING HASE

• 40%
PHASE OF GAIT
STANCE PHASE: when some art of the foot is in
contact with floor.
SWING PHASE: when the foot is not in contact
with the floor.
 DOUBLE SUPPORT: When both feet are in
contact with the ground, between the time one
limb make initial contact and other one leave the
floor at toe off.
EVENTS OF PHASE
STANCE SWING
Initial contact  Acceleration
 Mid-swing
Foot flat
 Deceleration
Mid-stance
Heel off
toe off
Initial contact: foot of the leading extremity strike
the ground.
Flat foot: when foot is flat on ground.
Mid-stance: begins around the time of foot flat.
During this phase the whole weight of the the body is
transferred to the foot which is in stance phase. this
phase leads to the forward progression of the body.
Heel off: is the point at which the heel of the
reference extremity leave leaves the ground usually
about 40% of the gait.
Toe off: is the instant at which the toe of the foot
leaves the ground, usually abut 60% of the gait. the
term foot off may be used to describe the end of
stance
Early swing: begins once toe leaves the ground &
continues until midswings. Also referred to as
acceleration
Mid-swing: when the non-weight bearing leg asses
directly beneath the body & past the weight bearing
led. Trunk is moved forward.
Late swing: during this phase, knee extends
momentum decelerates. The limbs is now preparing
itself for initial contact
degree of toe out: represents the angle of
foot placement & may be found by
measuring the angle formed by each foot’s
line f progression & the line interesting the
center of heal & second toe.
Step width: linear distance between
midpoint of the heel of one foot and the
same pint on the anther foot.
Single support time: amount of time one
extremity is on the ground
Variables in gait & its phase
Spatial variable Temporal variable
The variables which are The variables which are
dependent on distance dependent n time include
includes stride length. cadence, speed ,single limb
Stride length & double support times.
Step length Stance time
Step width Single support time
Degree of toe out Double support
Cadence
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JATIN KAUSHIK