Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur

IEEE-802.15.1/4/6

Presented by:
Supervised by:
Sahab Uddin Rana
Dr. Md. Obaidur Rahman
ID: 19204024
Professor
M.Sc. in Engineering
Department of CSE, DUET.
Department of CSE, DUET.
 IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth)
• MAC and PHY Layer Specifications for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
• 2.45 GHz ISM frequency band
• 79 Channels (USA, Europe) or 23 (Japan) RF channels. 1 MHz channel width
• 0th channel 2.402 GHz and 78th channel 2.480 GHz.
• Frequency Hopping (FH) – Frequency Hopping/Time-Division-Duplex (FH/TDD) -
Adaptive Frequency Hopping
• Devices are organized in piconets
• The master of the piconet provides the clock and the frequency-hopping pattern.
IEEE 802.15.1 Architecture
Piconet and Scatternet
 IEEE-
802.15.4
LR-WAPAN
 802.15.4 Overview
• Operate at a 2.4 GHz SM band.
• Define characteristics of PHY and MAC layer.
• Lower distance communication
• Low data rate with good battery life.
• Used for low-power wireless connectivity.
• Star and peer-to-peer topologies
• CSMA-CA channel access mechanism
• Packet validation and message rejection
• Optional guaranteed time slots
• Guaranteed packet delivery
• Low cost & low-power operation
• Low Reliable data transfer
• Short range operation
• Ease of installation
• Reasonable battery life
• Security
802.15.4 Architecture
 IEEE 802.15.4 Definitions
• Network Device: An RFD or FFD implementation containing an IEEE
802.15.4 medium access control and physical interface to the wireless
medium.
• Coordinator: An FFD with network device functionality that
provides coordination and other services to the network.
• PAN Coordinator: A coordinator who is the principal controller of
the PAN. A network has exactly one PAN coordinator.
 Star Topology

PAN
coordinato
r

Master/
slave
FF
D
RF Communications
D flow
 Peer-Peer Topology

coordinator
s

Point to Cluster tree

point
Communications
FFD
flow
RFD
 Combined Topology

flustered stars - for example,

cluster nodes exist between rooms of
a hotel and each room has a star
network for control.

FFD Communications flow

RFD
 Physical Frequencies and
Channels

Channel 0 Channels 1-10 2 MHz

868MHz / 915MHz
PHY
868.3 MHz 902 MHz 928 MHz

2.4 GHz
PHY Channels 11-26 5 MHz

2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz

 IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview
Packet Structure

PHY Packet Fields

• Preamble (32 bits) — synchronization
• Start of Packet Delimiter (8 bits)
• PHY Header (8 bits) — PSDU length
• PSDU (0 to 1016 bits) — Data field
 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview
General Frame Structure

4 Types of MAC Frames:

• Data Frame
• Beacon Frame
• Acknowledgment Frame
• MAC Command Frame
 Optional Frame Structure
Battery GT GT
life GTS 3
S S
—

9 10 1
ñlOt
S
15ms ” 2’
where 0 n 14

Network Transmitted by PAN coordinator. Contains network

beacon information, frame structure and notification of pending node
messages.
Beacon
extension Space reserved for bRacan growth due to pRnding node
period messagRS

Contention
Access by any node using CSMA-
period
CA

Guaranteed
Reserved for nodes requiring guaranteed bandwidth [n =
Time Slot
0].
 Optional Frame Structure

Inactive
Period
15ms * 2*O
where 0 SO 2
14

w
h
e
r
e
• Superframe may have inactive
S
period O

B
O
 Optional Frame Structure
• Star networks: devices are associated with coordinators
— Forming a PAN, identified by a PAN identifier
• Coordinator
—Bookkeeping of devices, address assignment, generate
Coordinator Devic
beacons e
• — Talks to devices and peer coordinators Beacon
Beacon-mode superframe structure
— GTS assigned to devices upon request
Data request

Acknowledgment

Data
General MAC Frame Format
Beacon MAC Frame Format
 IEEE 802.15.6
Wireless Body Area Networks
• Low power, short range, and extremely reliable wireless communication within the
surrounding area of the human body.
• Supporting a vast range of data rates for different applications.
• Short range – High data rates (e.g. ECG).
• Built-in Security Highly reliable wireless connection Low current consumption (<10mA)
• High reliability, Low complexity, Ultra-low power operations.
• Human body as the transmission medium Electric fields instead of electromagnetic waves.
• @21 MHz frequency band (164 kbps to 1.3125 Mbps)