Training course on

Control on contaminants in food

Phase 2
This presentation has been produced under the contract with the
Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency
(CHAFEA). The content of this page is the sole responsibility of
NSF Euro Consultants Consortium and can in no way be taken to
reflect the views of the Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food
Executive Agency or any other body of the European Union. The
Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency or any
other body of the European Union will not be responsible under
any circumstances for the contents of communication items
prepared by the contractors.
Food safety
 2.3. Control measures for
contaminants in feed and food:
part 2, undesirable substances in
feed

Mrs. Sabine Kruse / Mrs. Marjana Mohorko

Food safety
 Contents
• Feed business operators responsibility

• Requirements on feed hygiene

• Decontamination

• Example: Mycotoxin – Risk management

• Example: Dioxin/PCB – Risk management

• Official Feed Control

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Food safety
 Feed safety requirements

• Feed shall not be placed on the market or fed to

animals, if it is unsafe.
• Feed shall be deemed to be unsafe for its intended
use if it is considered to:
• Have an adverse effect on human or animal health;
• Make the food derived from food-producing animals
unsafe for human consumption

Regulation (EC) 178/2002 Article 15 and

Regulation (EC) 767/2009 Article 4
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Food safety
Responsibilities – Regulation (EC) No. 178/2002

“Food and feed business operators at all stages of

production, processing and distribution within the businesses
under their control shall ensure that foods or feeds satisfy the
requirements of food law which are relevant to their activities
and shall verify that such requirements are met..”

Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 Article 17 (1)

Special provisions are regulated in

Regulation (EC) No 183/2005 on
Feed Hygiene
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Food safety
Feed Hygiene Regulation (EC) No 183/2005

Feed business operators at the level of primary production

of feed shall comply with the provisions in Annex I and III,
in particular:

 Operations shall be managed and carried out in such a way as to

prevent, eliminate or minimize hazards.

 The grazing of pastures and croplands shall be managed in a way

that minimises the contamination of foods of animal origin by
physical, biological and chemical hazards.

 Water for drinking or for aquaculture shall be of appropriate

quality for the animals being produced and measures shall be
taken to evaluate and minimise the hazards, if necessary. 6

Food safety
Feed Hygiene Regulation (EC) No. 183/2005

Feed business operators (with the exception of primary

production) shall put in place, implement and maintain
procedures based on the HACCP principle.

"4. The presence of ...undesirable substances and other

contaminants ... shall be monitored, and appropriate
control strategies to minimise the risk shall be put in place."

Regulation (EC) No 183/2005 Annex II chapter production

Food safety
Feed Hygiene Regulation (EC) No. 183/2005
• Modification of the Regulation due to several dioxins incidents
• Establishments must be approved if they place on market
certain feed produced from oil or fat
• Products used in feed shall be kept physically separated from
products for other purposes and clearly declared.
• In addition to HACCP, a minimum of dioxin monitoring frequencies
must be carried out.
• In case of exceeding maximum limits the testing laboratories
must inform competent authorities.

Regulation (EU) No 225/2012, Regulation (EU) 2015/1905 8

Food safety

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 Decontamination
If maximum limits established in Annex I of Directive 2002/32/EC
are exceed processes for decontamination (cleaning and
detoxification) of feed can be used under specific conditions
(Regulation (EU) 2015/786) :
Feed with excessive
– Feed for decontamination must be labelled for this purpose.
concentration of … (designation
of the undesirable substance(s)
in accordance with Directive
2002/32/EC); only to be used

– Feed business operators, which carry out the detoxification

as feed after detoxification by
an approved company.

must be approved by the competent authority. The Member

r o v ed states shall ensure the correct application of the detoxification
a pp processes and that the detoxified products are safe.

– EFSA performs a scientific assessment of the detoxification

process and evaluate the compliance with criteria of
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acceptability.
Food safety

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 Opinions of the EFSA on decontamination
 Assessment of a decontamination process for dioxins and dioxin-
like PCBs in fish oil by physical filtration with activated carbon
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/4961
 Assessment of a decontamination process for hydrocyanic acid in
linseed intended for use in animal feed
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5004
 Assessment of decontamination processes for dioxins and dioxin-
like PCBs in fish oil by physical filtration with activated carbon
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5081
 Assessment of a decontamination process for dioxins and PCBs
from fish meal by replacement of fish oil
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5174
 Scientific assistance to assess the detoxification process for dioxins
and PCBs in sunflower cake by hexane extraction
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5398
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 Risk management

Official Journal 


 





The Commission is responsible for DELEGATED ACTS

the development of management
measures at EU level, in particular
based on
 Notifications in the European
Rapid Alert System (RASFF)
Consultation with MS at
Expert Group meeting.
Stakeholder may be
included. Parliament and
Council may delegate an
observer.

 EFSA opinions No formal opinion and 11

Food safety
no vote by MS.
Example: Mycotoxin-Risk management

Risks for human

health and animal Aflatoxin B1
health
Mycotoxins
in feed
No risks for human
Fusarium
health, but risks for
toxins
animal health

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 Example: Mycotoxin-Risk management

 Prevention = Minimisation of toxin formation

 Detoxification = Destruction, inactivation or binding of toxins

=Principles
Binding orof deactivation
prevention of to
toxins in thethe
minimize
 Chemisorption digestive tract
occurrence using good agricultural practices
=
 Feeding to less
Limitation Crop rotation
 sensitive animals
 Choice of variety/hybrid
 Crop planning
 Soil and crop management
 Harvesting
 Drying
Photo: PIXNIO
 Storage
 Transport
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 Example: Mycotoxin-Risk management

• Substances that reduce the contamination of feed by

mycotoxins shall be authorised under the feed additive Reg.
(EC) 1831/2003 under the functional group:
”(m) substances for reduction of the contamination of
feed by mycotoxins: Substances that can suppress or
reduce the absorption, promote the excretion of mycotoxins
or modify their mode of action”

!
The use of this additives is only allowed in feed
complying with the European Union legislation on
undesirable substances in animal feed.

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Food safety
 Example: Mycotoxin-Risk management
prevention Prevention first ! prevention
before harvest Photo: Kruse
after harvest
Photo: PIXNIO

mycotoxins
Photo: LAVES

>maximum >guidance <maximum levels

limit value <guidance value

decontam blending/ less-sensitive

disposal
ination dilution species

processing adsorption
Photo: Kruse before feeding after feeding
Photo: Pixabay

safe feed 15
Photo: Kruse Photo: Kruse
Food safety
Example: Dioxin/PCB-Risk management

DIOXINs
pollution from PCBs
industrial emissions

Photo: Pixabay

water soil plants

production
process
feed
geological
origin
animals 16

Food safety
 Example: Dioxin/PCB-Risk management

European “Three-Pillar-Strategy”

Maximum
level Action
threshold Target
value

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Food safety
 Example: Dioxin/PCB-Risk management

FEED FOOD Maximum levels for

dioxins/PCBs base on
background levels.

Maximum
level = Maximum
level ALARA
As Low As Reasonably Achievable
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Food safety
 Example: Dioxin/PCB-Risk management

 Reduction of emissions by environmental

measures
 Prevention of contamination of feed by production
processes
 Ban of certain highly contaminated feed from the
feed chain
 Development and implementation of cleaning and
decontamination processes

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Food safety
 This presentation has been produced under the contract with the Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency
(CHAFEA). The content of this page is the sole responsibility of NSF Euro Consultants Consortium and can in no way be taken to
reflect the views of the Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency or any other body of the European Union. The
Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency or any other body of the European Union will not be responsible under
any circumstances for the contents of communication items prepared by the contractors.

Thank you for your attention! NSF Euro Consultants

Any questions? Consortium
Avenue Pasteur,21
1300 Wavre
Belgium
+32 10 84 97 95
2016.96.05@euroconsultants.be

Better Training for Safer Food

BTSF
European Commission
Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive
Agency
DRB A3/042
L-2920 Luxembourg
Food safety