HISTORY OF MUSIC

THE MIDDLE AGE

• Around 500 A.D western civilization began to emerge from the
period known as “DARK AGES”, the time when invading hordes
of Vandals, Huns, and Visigoths overran Europe and brought
and end to the Roman Empire.
• It was during the Middle Ages that Western Culture saw the
Arrival of the first great name in music. GUILLAUME de
MACHAUT.
• The first preserved finds of musical notation come from the 9 th
century. Rhythmic notation wasn’t developed until the 12 th-13th
century.
GUILLAUME de MACHAUT
-French composer and poet who was the central figure of the ars
nova style in late medieval music.
THE RENNAISSANCE
• Generally considered to be from ca. 1420 to 1600 was a time of
great cultural awakening of a flowering of the arts, letters and
sciences throughout Europe.
• RENNAISSANCE means “rebirth”
• The growing emphasis on individualism during the renaissance
began a change of status for composers in the society.
• One of the early masters of Flemish style was JOAQUIN DES
PREZ
JOAQUIN DES PREZ
• was a composer of High Renaissance music, who is variously
described as French or Franco-Flemish. Considered one of the
greatest composers of the Renaissance.
THE BAROQUE AGE
• Named after the popular ornate architectural style of the time,
the baroque period ca. 1600 to 1750.
• Johann Sebastian Bach The greatest composer of the period.
• During the early part of the 17th century the genre of the opera
was first created by a group of composers in Florence, Italy and
the earliest operatic masterpieces, it was composed by Claudio
Monteverdi.
• Opera Combined poetry, theater, the visual arts and music.
• The Insturmental concerto became a staple of the baroque era
CLASSICAL PERIOD
• As implies by the term “classical”, the music of this period
looked to the art and philosophy of ancient greece and rome to
the ideals of balance, proportion and disciplined expression.
• Homophony- music where the melody and accompaniment are
clearly distinct- was the manin style during the classical era.
• the sonata was the most important of these as well as the nost
developed.
• a reform of the extravagance of baroque era was undertaken by
CHRISTOPH VON GLUCK.
THE ROMANTIC ERA
• romanticism drives from its name from the romances of
medieval times long poems telling stories of heroes and chivalry
of distant land and far away places, and often of unattainable
love.
• during the 19th century, composers from non germanic
countries began looking for its ways in which they might
express the musical soul of their homelands.
KINDS OF MUSIC
• PROGRAM MUSIC
• FOLK MUSIC
• ART SONG
• JAZZ MUSIC
• CLASSICAL MUSIC
• THE OPERA
PROGRAM MUSIC
• This kind of music is connected with the elements of a story or a
poem. unlike absolute or pure music, program music is
abundant with literary or pictorial connotations. it is generally
classified into three
• IMITATIVE MUSIC- copies the actual sound of the subject, as in
the imitation of animals which during the time, was very popular.
• DESCRIPTIVE MUSIC- music pictures an event or scene.
• NARRATIVE MUSIC- intends to tell story or represent a series
of related events.
• FOLK MUSIC is the traditional and spontaneous musid of a people, race
nation or region. It is passed down orally from one generation to another
and it is generally not a composer’s work.
• ART SONG is usually composed with piano accompaniment and is often
sophisticated. Unlike folk songs, an art song the work of composer who is
trained in music.
• JAZZ MUSIC melody and rhythm blend harmonically in jazz music. much
of jazz music is improvised.
• CLASSICAL MUSIC musical composition of enduring excellence felt to
be of first significance before modern times are called classical music.
• THE OPERA This is a musical drama, which for how many years, has
been one of the most attractive forms of entertainment.
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