Proposed Research Topic

“Investigation of Dome Shaped Solar Collector using Fresnel Lens for Industrial
Process Heating Applications”

Prepared by:
Manishkumar D. Mathukia
DME, G P Junagadh

Supervisor: Dr. Karan Motavani.

Outline of Presentation

INTRODUCTION
PROBLEM DEFINITION
LITERATURE SURVEY
RESEARCH GAP
IMPORTANCE/ SIGNIFICANCE
OBJECTIVES OF PRESENT STUDY
METHODOLOGY & WORK PLAN
REFERENCES
2
Introduction: Energy Generation in India

Solar ; 57.97; 14%

Biomass; 10.68; 3%

wind; 40.89; 10%

Coal; 210.7; 52%
Small Hydro; 4.89; 1%
Diesel; 0.51; 0%
Nuclear; 6.78; 2%
Gas; 24.86; 6%

Coal Hydro Gas

Hydro; 46.85;Nuclear
12% Diesel Small Hydro wind Biomass Solar

Figure-1 Installed Energy capacity in India as on 31 st July 2022[1]

3
Introduction: - Sector wise Energy Consumption

Industrial-42%

Low Temp Heat

Domestic 24% 74%Heat (Below 100 °C)

Agriculture 18%
Medium Temp
Heat
Commercial 8% 26% (100 °C to 400 °C)
Electricity

Misc. 6%

High Temp Heat

Traction 2% (Above 400 °C)

Figure 2.Sector-wise energy consumption in India during 2020-21[2][3] 4

Introduction:- Industrial Process Heat Requirement

Out of the overall Drying 120 °C

Washing and cleaning 40-60
Steaming 70-90 °C
thermal energy Picking 40-70 °C Wood Food & Dairy
°C
Pasteurising 70 °C
demand, a major Cooking- 80-90 °C
Compression 120-170
Sterilising 100-120 °C

fraction (about 60%) of °C

De Sizing 60-90 °C
thermal energy Scouring 90-110 °C
consumed in industrial Distillation 55-80 °C
Bleaching 90-93 °C
Mercerizing 60-70 °C
processes is reportedly Evaporation >120 °C
Drying >120 °C
Pharmaceutical Textile Dyeing 70-90 °C
Finishing 40-100 °C
in the temperature
Cleaning 90 °C
range of 30–250°C[4-6] Drying 90 °C
Curing of Automobile
paint 200 °C
Paint shop Evaporation
100 °C
Automobile Metal Heating 180 °C
Washing 160 °C
Figure 3. Industrial processes at low(<100°C) and Medium (100-400°C) temperature[4][6]

5
Introduction:- Classification of Solar collectors
Details of some solar collector suitable for industrial process heating with range of operating temperature[7][8]
[9]
Solar Collector Type of motion Type of absorber
Operating Temperature(°C)

Flat Plate 30-80 Stationary Flat-Non Concentrating

Evacuated tube 50- 200 Stationary Flat-Non Concentrating

Parabolic Trough 60-300 Single Axis Tracking Line-focusing concentrator

Parabolic Dish Reflector 100-500 Two Axis Tracking Point-focusing concentrator

Linear Fresnel reflector 60-250 Single Axis Tracking Line-focusing concentrator

6
Problem Definition:

Globally ,nearly two-third of the industrial sector temperature requirement is between 80

to 250˚C.

Currently fossil fuel is used to meet the industrial thermal energy demand

But fossil fuel will eventually deplete and also creating negative effects on environment.

Solar energy, which is environment friendly, is renewable and can serve as a sustainable
energy source.

7
Literature survey:
Title Year of Publishe Summery
Publication r
Renewable energy in India: April-2010 Elsevier In renewable energy research field current trend is
Current status and future towards solar energy
potentials
A comprehensive study of solar December- Elsevier Solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity generation are
power in India and World 2010 two promising with such enormous potential that,
theoretically, they could cover much more than just the
present worldwide demand for electricity consumption

Techno-economic evaluation of January- Elsevier Solar energy intensity varies geographically

concentrating solar power 2010 in India, but the highest annual global radiation (≥2400
generation in India. kWh/m2 )
is received in Rajasthan and northern Gujarat
Solar process heat in industrial August-2017 Elsevier Information about the temperature requirement for
systems – A global review various processes in industry is given. Also information
about industrial sector where solar process heat is
currently in use is given

8
Literature survey:
Title Year of Publisher Summery
Publication

A review of solar collectors and December-2012 Elsevier Solar collectors are either Non-concentrating or concentrating type.
thermal energy storage in solar Concentrating type solar collector have several advantages over Non-
thermal concentrating solar collector like low land area requirement and superior
applications efficiency.

Brief on Solar Concentrators: September- IIETA Concentrating Solar collector concentrates heat either in the point form
Differences and Applications 2020 or in the form depending on the arrangement of mirrors and lenses

Solar Engineering of Thermal April-2013 John Wiley & The temperatures at which energy is required below 100°C conventional
Processes Sons solar collectors with suitable efficiencies (FPC, CPC or evacuated tube
collectors) could be employed. However, when a large amount of hot
water is demanded, a large collection area, which sometimes becomes
excessive, must be installed. In this case, PTCs might be of interest,
because they supply thermal energy at higher temperatures

Parabolic-trough solar collectors and March-2010 Elsevier The disadvantages of PTCs are that its solar-tracking system increases
their applications installation and maintenance costs, and the need to clean their
components also increases maintenance costs

Parabolic trough solar collectors: A
general overview of technology,
industrial applications, energy
market, modeling, and standards
November- De Gruyter Even though this technology is mature, still research has to be done to
2020 improve its components. Major research efforts must be focused on
mirrors and thermal enhancement (with nanofluids or inserts). Other
improvements may be changing the design of the receiver
9
Literature survey:
Title Year Publisher Summery

Concentrated solar energy July-2010 Elsevier Fresnel lenses for various purposes can be grouped under
applications using Fresnel lenses: A two main fields: imaging Fresnel lens systems and non-
review imaging systems. non-imaging Fresnel lens solar
concentrators are well suited for the collection of solar
energy, because the goal is not the reproduction of an
accurate image of the sun, but instead the collection of
energy.
Study of Performance of Fresnel 2016 Scientific & Refracting type solar concentrator has been designed and
Lens Solar Concentrator Academic developed which can be used for generating heat in the
Publishing temperature range of 100°C to 200°C.
Thermal Performance of a Line May-2022 Scientific & Linear refracting type Fresnel lens was used to concentrate
Focus Fresnel Lens Solar Academic solar radiation on a receiver which is placed at the focal
Concentrator System for Generation Publishing line.The developed FLSC system reveals that Fresnel lens
of Low Pressure Steam Solar Concentrator system has a very good potential for
generation of low pressure steam and other industrial
applications.
Experimental investigation and August-2009 Elsevier The Fresnel lens concentrating solar collector with
analysis on a concentrating solar evacuated tube is investigated in experiment and the thermal
collector using linear Fresnel lens efficiency of this collector can reach 52.1%, higher than the
commonly used evacuated tube collector by 9%, when the
inlet water temperature is 80–90 C
10
Research Gap:

Reviewing number of research paper following research gaps has been identified
• Solar concentrating collector such as parabolic trough collector and linear Fresnel collector ,solar
radiation from reflector are reflected to the absorber tube which is placed on the focal line of the
collector.
• The increase in the temperature of the absorber tube causes increases in heat losses and reduction in
the performance of the collector.
• Also the Evacuated tube used in these collectors are costly and of fixed dimensions. If the larger PTC
are used than cost can be compensated by enough energy generation. But for small setup cost will be
issue.
• Also to achieve high temperature tracking is required which makes the system complex
• In literature the use of Fresnel lens is mainly in point focus concentrating photovoltaic system is there
but the study of linear Fresnel lens in linear concentrating solar collector or hybrid photovoltaic and
thermal system is few

11
Importance/Significance

Lower-Cost Fresnel Collectors: A Game Changer

Key benefits:

Reduced Costs: Simpler, non-evacuated designs can significantly lower manufacturing costs.

Simpler Systems: Eliminating the need for complex sun tracking reduces costs and maintenance.

Focus on Fresnel Lenses: Research is needed on linear Fresnel lenses specifically for LFCs and
potentially hybrid systems.
Impact: This approach can lead to a more affordable and simpler solar concentrating technology,
opening doors for wider industrial and commercial use.

12
Objective of the Present Study:

Study optical and geometrical properties of Fresnel lens

Design and development of Dome shaped Fresnel lens collector

Experimental investigation of Dome shaped Fresnel lens collector

To apply and analysis of different performance improvement techniques of Dome shaped

Fresnel lens collector.

13
Methodology & Workplan
Literature Review

Mathematical modelling and Numerical simulation

Experiment

Experiments and Optimise

Data Collection

Result & Discussion

Conclusion 14
Methodology & Workplan
Sem Sem Sem Sem Sem Sem
Activity
I II III IV V VI
Course work √
Literature review √

Design and optimize absorber

tubes for various materials and √ √
configurations

Experimental analysis of the

absorber tube to evaluate √ √
performance.

Paper Writing and Result

analysis
√ √

Thesis Writing √
15
References
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Energy Reviews, vol. 76. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 369–378, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.014.
[3] A. S. Jadhav and J. L. van Niekerk, “Low concentrating solar collectors for economical generation of low-medium temperature industrial Process heat,” in ISES Solar
World Congress 2015, Conference Proceedings, 2015, pp. 1202–1211. doi: 10.18086/swc.2015.10.37.
[4] S. A. Kalogirou, “Solar thermal collectors and applications,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, vol. 30, no. 3. pp. 231–295, 2004. doi:
10.1016/j.pecs.2004.02.001.
[5] T. Harinarayana and K. J. Kashyap, “Solar Energy Generation Potential Estimation in India and Gujarat, Andhra, Telangana States,” Smart Grid and Renewable
Energy, vol. 05, no. 11, pp. 275–289, 2014, doi: 10.4236/sgre.2014.511025.
[6] S. Shaaban, “Enhancement of the solar trough collector efficiency by optimizing the reflecting mirror profile,” Renew Energy, vol. 176, pp. 40–49, Oct. 2021, doi:
10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.040.
[7] M.J. Alshukri, A. Kadhim Hussein, A.A. Eidan, A.I. Alsabery, “A review on applications and techniques of improving the performance of heat pipe-solar collector
systems”Solar Energy, 236, Elsevier Ltd (2022), pp. 417-433, 10.1016
[8] Flores V, Almanza R., “Behavior of the compound wall copper–steel receiver with stratified two-phase flow regimen in transient states when solar irradiance is
arriving on one side of receiver”, Solar Energy, 2004, vol. 76 (pg. 195-8)
[9] A.K. Hussein, D. Li, L. Kolsi, S. Kata, B. Sahoo, “A review of nano fluid role to improve the performance of the heat pipe solar collectors

In Energy Procedia”, 109 (2017), pp. 417-424.

[10] I. Budihardjo et al., “Performance of water-in-glass evacuated tube solar water heaters”, Solar Energy (2009)
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