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MESFIN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Corporate Research And Development
Design And Development Of Peanut Thresher Machine
Author :- Ataklti Tsegay

Date:-08/04/2024
 Outlines
• Introduction
Problem statement
Research question
Objective
Significance of the study
• Literature review
• Methodology
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusion
• References
 Introduction

Peanut is one of the widely cultivated oilseed crops in Ethiopia.

Peanuts has many pros such as food purpose (peanut oil, peanut butter, peanut
flour, Boiled nuts) etc.
One of the important processes involved in the production of peanut is shelling
and separation.
Shelling machines are machines which apply mechanical force or human forces
in removal of kernel from its casing (or enclosure).
Peanut shelling is done when Peanuts come in contact with the high speed
threshing drum cylinder and the heads and pods are shattered and the kernels are
separated from the straw.
 Problem statement
The traditional shelling of peanut is done by stone beating, animal trampling

or pod pressing by fingers. Pod pressing is mostly practiced and it has low
efficiency, high energy requirement, time wastage, high laborious and
fatigue. The output is very low and it does not fulfill market demand. They
simply decoct the peanut by their hands. It is very time consuming process.

Fig: Traditional method of shelling of peanut

Research questions
The main research questions to be answered by this research are:-
 Is this machine is effective in reducing human labor and time
consumptions?
 Does this machine work to fill full the market demand of the customers?
 What are the factors affecting the efficiency of the machine?
 Application area of the machine?
 Does this machine is environment friendly?
 Objective
General objective
The general objective of this project is to design a Peanut Thresher machine

Specific Objective
To design and calculate analysis on each components of the
machine.
To select suitable materials for the machine.
To determine the size of machine components.
 To model the machine using CATIA or SOLIDWORK software.
Significance of the research
 To minimize the shelling time.

 To minimize human effort, Since laborious and time-consuming

 To Shell the peanut seeds without crushing.

 To produce the product with high quality.

 To satisfy market demand with good cost.

 It satisfies the need of village people to earn more money.

Literature review of this study
Peanut Shelling is the removal of kernels from their pod or cub, either by stripping,
impact action and rubbing or any combination of these methods. Several shelling
machines based on different techniques have been developed over the years. Goel and
Nanda et al. (1990) conducted study on Comparative performance of different
methods of peanut threshing. Two Peanut threshers, namely; power operated single
drum thresher and pedal operated thresher were tested at their optimum speed to thresh of
a variety. Their performances were evaluated and compared with those of conventional
manual methods. Hence, the power operated single drum thresher is preferred to pedal
operated thresher to save labor , time and thus minimizing threshing cost.
Cont.….

Power operated thresher is using auger shaft in the crushing of the pod
to improve on the shelling capacity. Then the machine is evaluated
based on shelling efficiency and percentage material.

Fig:- Motorized Peanut thresher

Previous research Author Shelling efficiency Thresher mechanism $
findings Name depends on performance efficiency
A Review on .[Rafiq H feed rate, threshing speed,  Rasp bar type , motorized
Design and Mohakhali concave length, cylinder  Performance efficiency
Fabrication of , 1983] diameter and concave Shelling, material damage
Peanut Shelling and clearance cleaning, best from manual
Separating operating threshers.

Design and Mangav, Moisture content, Variety,  Spike tooth type ,Motorized,
Fabrication of Deshmukh Feeding rate, Percentage of  Pods with Different seed
peanut Pods Sheller $ Student, matured nuts, Rpm of the verities can be threshed.
and Stripper 2015), threshing drum.  Efficiency is best.
Machine
Peanut Peeling A. Mani1 Since it is Pedal operated  it reduces time
Shelling Machine P. Manish proper Rpm of the pedal .  No need of skill man power
 Less efficient
fig:- Previous findings on Peanut shellers for medium and large agricultural area’s
Methodology
 Concept generations
Concept 1:- Handle operated concept 2 :-Pedal operated
 Concept 3: Handle operated Concept 4: Motorized thresher

Finally From the concept generations made concept 4 is developed.

 Working principle of the motorized shelling machine
 The dried nuts were fed into the machine through the hopper. A prime mover
(electric motor) is connected to the shelling and separating chambers with the
aid of compound pulley.

 As it supplies the power, the auger shaft rotates as a result an impact action is
occurred between the drum beaters and semicircular stationary sieve which
allows to break the pods from its kernels. The air produced by the action of the
fan (or blower) sweeps the seeds and shell fragment out of the shelling zone
into the outlet unit. The fan passage serves as the separation chamber such that
the seeds are collected at the discharge outlet while the pods are collected at the
shaft outlet.
Fig: Working principle of the machine
 Components of motorized peanut thresher machine

1) Frame: Being the main support for the 3) Electric motor: This is used as Input
machine, it must be able to withstand power prime mover for thresher drum and
stresses and loads . blower fan using belt and pulley.

2) Hopper: It is used for continuous supply 5)Blower: This fan separates the
of the groundnut to the shelling unit. peanuts and peanut pods(casings).
5) V-belt: v-belt is used to transmit rotary 7) Rasp bar Drum thresher:-shelling
motion of the motor shaft to roller shaft. operation is done by impact action
Material of v-belt is rubber or polymer for with semicircular net .
strength and reinforcement

6) Pulley: Pulley is used to transmit torque of 8) Semicircular net:-is fitted besides the
motor to the roller. They are directly mounted to roller drum thresher at a size of peanut
the drum and fan from the motor. distance
 Design Considerations
While designing the machine the following considerations must be taken.
 Drum thresher beaters
Geometric Size of peanut
 l = 30mm,h= 20mm,w=10mm, mean di=16mm
 Amount to be threshed per hour , Q =200
 Shelling power
Cont.…..

Starting from the prime mover electric motor power

 Determination of power required to shell Peanut pods

P= , ±( ,

Determination of buckling load on the frame , =

Length of the belt between auger and motor , Fan and motor

+ , +
Cont.….

Determination of Tension in the Belt

P , P
2.3log = , 2.3log =

Determination of the shaft diameter for thresher , blower

= ,
 Results And discussion
The size of each component of the machine is determined and parts such as
bearings ,motors and the fasteners are selected from the geometric standards.
Since the machine is not manufactured the performance efficiency is measured
by the formula and obtained results are given on the table below.
Shelling efficiency = *100
*100
Throughput capacity *100
Cont…

No component Parameter and dimension Material

1) Hopper Length=405mm steel

Width = 500mm
Height = 220mm
Inclination angle=
2) Semicircular concave radius =125mm Mild steel
Co clearance =14mm
Length =700mm
Width = 710mm
No Component Parameter and dimension material
3) Drum thresher Diameter = 250mm Stainless
and shaft Length = 685mm steel
Shaft di= 40mm l=700mm
4) Belts for large pulley Length=1800mm,1050mm rubber
And small pulley Thickness =8mm,8mm and cord
Diameter respectively Width=10mm,10mm
Center distance=600mm,450mm

5) Pulley Cast iron

Shaft diameter fan =22mm

 Final 3D modeling of the machine with solid work software is not done in case
of time and functionality of my computer .
 Limitations and Suggestions for future Research
 A Peanut thresher machine is designed which is to operate on small to
medium-scale application areas but not on large scales.
 As the power supply is not possible everywhere, to supply the power all
the time Solar panels are to be added.
 Before feeding the peanuts into the machine, make sure that the peanuts
are free from stones, soil.
 Peanuts should be graded before shelling so that gap adjustment is put into
effect with relative ease.
 Conclusion

 A Peanut thresher machine is designed which is simple to operate and maintain

at an affordable cost for local farmers using locally available materials. It is
capable of threshing more amount of peanut at a time. This provides a significant
step in solving the problem of complexity and time consumption and to improve
on the shelling capacity of the existing machines. A machine of this nature will
be suitable for small and medium-scale applications.
Thank you !