UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY - UNIVERSITY OF DA NANG

FACULTY OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

OPTICAL RECEIVERS

Name: Nguyen Duy Tuan Nguyen

St. Code: 106200062
Instructor: Assoc.Prof Nguyen Van Tuan

Da Nang, May 8 2024

 Noise in optical receivers

 The main types of noise in optical receivers: quantum noise (shoot

noise), dark current noise and thermal noise (circuit noise).

 Quantum noise and dark current noise are related to photodiode,

thermal noise is related to electronic circuits.

 Shot Noise
Shot noise represents the random nature of

light (in the form of particles) impacting the

photodiode.

These carriers arrive asynchronously, so shot

noise is generated during this process.

The greater the carrier particle intensity, the

greater the shot noise.

 Thermal Noise
Thermal noise is generated from the random

thermal motion of charge carriers (usually

electrons), inside an electrical conductor,

which happens regardless of any applied

voltage.
 Dark Current Noise
Dark current noise involves electrons and

holes that are thermally generated at the pn

junction of the photodiode.

They move according to the external bias

voltage, creating dark current, when no light

affects the photodiode.

 Signal to Noise Ratio
In case the receiver uses an ideal photodiode

 The power of the signal on the load resistor RL is:

 Power of quantum noise (shot noise):

 , R, load resistance, Optical-electric conversion coefficient, the receiver's electrical bandwidth.

 S/N ratio inideal case:

 Signal to Noise Ratio
In case the receiver uses an PIN photodiode

 Dark current noise:

 Thermal noise:

K = 1,38.

 eSNR of PIN photodiode:

 Signal to Noise Ratio
In case the receiver uses an APD photodiode

 Current at the output of the photodiode:

 Power of the signal on the load resistor :

 Power of quantum noise (shot noise):

 Power of dark current noise:

 eSNR: