Powering the

Future: A Journey
Through Battery
Technology

Group 3
Liao Villarreal, Bruce Edward
Sanchez Caraballo, Eriznellys
Sanjur Loo, Camila Victoria
Santos Rodríguez C., Andrea
Introduction to
Batteries
Batteries are portable energy sources that convert stored chemical energy into
electrical energy. They power a wide range of devices, from small electronics
like smartphones to large-scale applications like electric vehicles and grid
storage.
Historical Evolution of Batteries

1 Rich History
Batteries have a rich history dating back to ancient civilizations, with various
primitive forms used for electrochemical processes.

2 Significant Milestones
1800: Alessandro Volta invents the first true battery, the voltaic pile.
1859: Gaston Planté invents the lead-acid battery, the first rechargeable battery.
1970s: Development of nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries. 1991:
Commercialization of lithium-ion batteries, revolutionizing portable electronics.
Types of Batteries
Lead-acid Batteries Lithium-ion Batteries

Commonly used in automotive and Lightweight and high-energy density, used in

uninterruptible power supply (UPS) smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and
applications. renewable energy storage.

Nickel-metal Hydride Batteries Other Types

Rechargeable batteries used in hybrid vehicles Nickel-cadmium, alkaline, zinc-carbon, etc.,

and portable electronics. each with specific characteristics and
applications.
Battery Operation
1 Basic Functioning
Chemical reactions occur between
electrodes and electrolyte, generating
electrons that flow through an external
circuit, producing electricity.
2 Components
Electrodes: Anode (negative) and
cathode (positive). Electrolyte:
Conductive medium facilitating ion
movement. Separator: Prevents direct
contact between electrodes, allowing ion
flow.
Challenges in Battery Technology
1 Energy Density
Increasing energy storage capacity
while reducing weight and size.
2 Lifespan
Extending battery lifespan through
improved materials and manufacturing
processes.

3 Safety
Preventing overheating, short circuits, and explosions, especially in high-energy applications.
Recent Advances in Battery
Technology
Solid-state Batteries Flow Batteries Nanotechnology

Replace liquid electrolytes Use liquid electrolytes Utilizing nanomaterials to

with solid materials, stored in external tanks, enhance battery
offering higher energy enabling scalable energy performance, such as
density and improved safety. storage for grid applications. increased conductivity and
stability.
Environmental Impact of Batteries
Battery Production Disposal
Resource-intensive processes involving Improper disposal leads to environmental
mining, refining, and manufacturing. pollution and health hazards due to toxic
chemicals.

Recycling
Efforts to recover valuable materials like lithium, cobalt, and nickel from spent batteries to
reduce environmental impact.
Battery Safety

Importance of Safety Overcharge Thermal

Measures Protection Management
Prevents accidents like Circuitry to prevent Systems to regulate battery
thermal runaway, leakage, excessive charging, which temperature and prevent
and fire. can damage the battery and overheating during
pose safety risks. charging and discharging.
Battery Management Systems
1 Functions 2 Applications
Monitoring: Collects data on battery Electric vehicles, grid storage systems,
voltage, current, and temperature. renewable energy installations.
Balancing: Equalizes cell voltages to
maximize battery capacity and lifespan.
Temperature control: Manages battery
temperature to optimize performance
and safety.
Future Applications
of Batteries
Integration with renewable energy sources like solar and wind to store excess
energy for later use. Continued adoption of electric vehicles with improved
battery technology for longer range and faster charging. Flexible and lightweight
batteries enabling new wearable devices and healthcare applications.
Innovations in Battery Design

Flexible Batteries Transparent Batteries Printed Batteries

Bendable and stretchable See-through batteries for Low-cost, printable batteries
batteries for wearable devices integration into transparent for disposable electronics and
and conformal electronics. electronics and displays. IoT devices.
Conclusion: Recap and Importance

1 Recap of Key Points

Battery history, types, operation, challenges, and future prospects.

2 Importance of Batteries
Their role in shaping technological advancements and modern society.
Gratitude and Closing
Invitation for Further Closing Message
Discussion
Thanking the audience for their time and
Open the floor for questions and further attention, and wishing them well.
discussion.