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Lecture 5
Lecture 5
1/29/2003
Amino Acids:
The building blocks of proteins
pK2 pK1
Their names
Their structure
Their three letter code
Their one letter code
O
H2N CH C OH
CH2
OH
Cystine consists of two disulfide-linked
cysteine residues
Acid - Base properties of amino acids
[A - ]
pH pK log
[HA]
Isoelectric point: the pH where
a protein carries no net
electrical charge
pI pK i pK j
1
2
For a mono amino-mono carboxylic
residue pKi = pK1 and pKj = pK2 ; for
D and E, pKi = pK1 and pKj - pKR ;
For R, H and K, pKi = KR and pKj =
The tetra peptide Ala-Tyr-Asp-Gly or AYDG
related to glyceraldehyde
(+) = D-Glyceraldehyde
(-) = L-Glyceraldehyde
All naturally occurring amino acids that make up
proteins are in the L conformation
Priority
SH>OH>NH2>COOH>CHO>CH2OH>C6H5>CH3>H
The major advantage of the CIP or RS system is
that the chiralities of compounds with multiple
asymmetric centers can be unambiguously
described
Prochiral substituents are
distinguishable
Two chemically identical substituents to an
otherwise chiral tetrahedral center are geometrically
distinct.
Planar objects with no rotational symmetry also
have prochariality
Flat trigonal molecules such as aldehydes can be prochiral
With the flat side facing the viewer if the priority is
clockwise it is called the (a) re face (rectus) else it is the
(b) si face (sinistrus).
Lecture 6 Monday Feb 3
• Protein Geometry
• Primary sequence
• Sequence alignments