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    2 views6 pages

    Lab 1

    Uploaded by

    abebaw

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Prolog Basics

    Getting Started
     There are only three basic constructs in Prolog: facts,
    rules, and queries
     A collection of facts and rules is called a knowledge
    base (or a database)
    The syntax for a fact is
     Predicate(arg1, arg2, ... argN).
     E.g1. man(socrates). Socrates is a man.
     E.g2. A pie is good = good(pie).
     Selam is a person.
     Selam likes chocolates.
    Getting Started
    The syntax for a rule is
     <head>:-<body>.
     E.g1. mortal(X) :- man(X). All men are mortal
    The syntax for a Query is
     the same form as facts
    Construct facts and rule in prolog form
    1. John likes Merry
    2. Merry likes John
    3. Jack likes Merry
    4. X and Y are friends if X likes Y and Y likes X
    likes(john, marry).
    likes(marry, john).
    likes(jack, merry).
    friends(X,Y):-likes(X,Y), likes(Y,X).
    friends(X,Y).
    Construct facts, rules and queries in prolog form

    1. burger is a food 1. food(burger).


    2. sandwich is a food 2. food(sandwich).
    3. pizza is a food 3. food(pizza).
    4. sandwich is a lunch
    4. lunch(sandwich).
    5. pizza is a dinner
    5. dinner(pizza).
    6. Every food is a meal
    6. meal(X) :- food(X).
    7. Is pizza a food?
    7. food(pizza).
    8. Which food is meal and lunch?
    8. meal(X), lunch(X).
    9. Is sandwich a dinner?
    9. dinner(sandwich).
    Try below queries by yourself and find out why did
    you get those answers.

    1. meal(X), dinner(X).
    2. meal(What).
    3. meal(X), dinner(Y).

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