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QUINN Edition 6 Chapter 5
QUINN Edition 6 Chapter 5
Information
Privacy
1-1
Chapter Overview
• Introduction
• Perspectives on privacy
• Information disclosures
• Data mining
• Examples of consumer backlash
1-2
1-2
5.1 Introduction
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1-3
Information Technology Erodes
Privacy
• Collection, exchange, combination, and
distribution of information easier than ever,
lessens privacy
• Scott McNealy: “You have zero privacy
anyway. Get over it.”
• We will consider how we leave an
“electronic trail” of information behind us
and what others can do with this info
1-4
1-4
5.2 Perspectives on Privacy
1-5
1-5
Defining Privacy
• Privacy related to notion of access
• Access
– Physical proximity to a person
– Knowledge about a person
• Privacy is a “zone of inaccessibility”
• Privacy violations are an affront to human dignity
• Too much individual privacy can harm society
• Where to draw the line?
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1-6
Harms of Privacy
1-7
1-7
Benefits of Privacy
• Individual growth
• Individual responsibility
• Freedom to be yourself
• Intellectual and spiritual growth
• Development of loving, trusting, caring,
intimate relationships
1-8
1-8
Is There a Natural Right to Privacy?
1-9
1-9
Do People Have the Right to Be Left Alone?
1-11
1-11
Case Study: New Parents
1-15
1-15
Virtue Ethics Evaluation
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1-16
5.3 Information Disclosures
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1-17
Public Records
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1-18
Records Held by Private Organizations
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1-19
Data Gathering and Privacy Implications
• Facebook tags
• Enhanced 911 services
• Rewards or loyalty programs
• Body scanners
• RFID tags
• Implanted chips
• OnStar
• Automobile “black boxes”
• Medical records
• Digital video recorders
• Cookies and flash cookies
1-20
1-20
Facebook Tags
1-22
1-22
Rewards or Loyalty Programs
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1-23
Body Scanners
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1-24
Body Scanner Takes Measurements
AP Photo/Richard Drew
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1-25
RFID Tags
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1-29
Automobile “Black Boxes”
1-30
1-30
Medical Records
1-32
1-32
Cookies
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1-33
Flash Cookies
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1-34
5.4 Data Mining
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1-35
Data Mining Defined
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1-36
Google’s Personalized Search
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1-38
Collaborative Filtering
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1-39
Ownership of Transaction Information
1-40
1-40
Credit Reports
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1-42
Microtargeting
1-43
1-43
Price Customization
1-44
1-44
Social Network Analysis
1-46
1-46
5.5 Examples of Consumer Backlash
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1-47
Marketplace: Households
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1-48
Facebook Beacon
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1-49
Netflix Prize
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1-52
Instagram’s Proposed Change to
Terms of Service
• Late 2012: Instagram announced changes
– Privacy policy
– Terms of service
• Legal experts: Instagram and Facebook would
have right to use photos in ads without permission
• Instagram CEO: New policy misunderstood
• Changed advertising section of terms of service
agreement back to original version
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1-53