ANTIHYPERTENSIVES

Dr Hassan Farooq
MBBS, M.phil, D.M.R.D, M.C.P.S
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacology AMC
DIURETICS
DIURETICS
RENIN ANGIOTENSIN
ANTAGONISTS
RENIN ANGIOTENSIN
ANTAGONISTS
Captopril
Enalapril
Losartan
Valsartan
Candesartan
SYMPATHOPLEGICS
SYMPATHOPLEGICS
 Nerve Terminal Blockers
•Guanethidine
•Reserpine
 Ganglion Blockers
• Hexamethonium , mecamylamine, and several other ganglion
blockers were the first successful agents for the treatment of
hypertension.

• Unfortunately, the adverse effects of ganglion blockade in

hypertension are so severe (both sympathetic and parasympathetic
divisions are blocked) that patients were unable to tolerate them for
long periods.

• Trimethaphan was most recently used in clinical practice, but it too

has been almost abandoned.
 Uses of Clonidine
• Hypertension
• Opioids withdrawl
• Alcohol withdrawl
• Benzodiazepines withdrawl
• Smoking cessation
• Analgesic
• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
 Vasodilators: Fenoldopam
• Dopamine D1 receptor activation by fenoldopam causes
prompt, marked arteriolar vasodilation.

• This drug is given by intravenous infusion.

• It has a short duration of action (10 min)

• It is used for hypertensive emergencies.