Properties of

Vitamins and
Hormones
Vitamins and hormones are essential biomolecules that play crucial
roles in maintaining optimal health and bodily functions. While
vitamins are organic compounds required in small amounts,
hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various
physiological processes.
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by Ankita Heralagi
What are Vitamins?
Vitamins are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. They
are classified as either fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B-complex, C). Vitamins are obtained
through the diet and are necessary for growth, development, and overall well-being.
Types of Vitamins
Fat-Soluble Vitamins Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble and can Vitamins B-complex (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9,
be stored in the body's fatty tissues. B12) and Vitamin C are water-soluble and
need to be replenished regularly.
Functions of Vitamins
1 Promote Growth 2 Antioxidant 3 Regulate Metabolism
and Development Properties B-complex vitamins are
Vitamins such as A, C, Vitamins E and C act as involved in the
and D are essential for antioxidants, helping to conversion of food into
proper growth, bone protect cells from energy, supporting
development, and damage caused by free overall metabolic
immune function. radicals. processes.
What are Hormones?
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands
that travel through the bloodstream to target cells and tissues. They
regulate a wide range of physiological processes, including growth,
development, metabolism, and reproduction.
Types of Hormones
Steroid Hormones
Hormones derived from cholesterol,
such as estrogen, testosterone, and
cortisol, that regulate metabolism,
immune function, and stress
response.
Protein Hormones
Hormones composed of amino acids,
like insulin, growth hormone, and
thyroid hormones, that control
various metabolic processes.

Amine Hormones
Hormones derived from amino acids, such as epinephrine and serotonin, that
regulate mood, sleep, and other physiological functions.
Functions of Hormones

Growth and Metabolism Reproduction Stress Response

Development Insulin, glucagon, Sex hormones, such Hormones like
Hormones like and thyroid as estrogen and cortisol and
growth hormone and hormones play key testosterone, control epinephrine help the
thyroid hormones roles in regulating reproductive body adapt to and
regulate growth, metabolism and function and sexual cope with stress.
maturation, and energy balance. characteristics.
development.
Importance of Vitamins and Hormones

Optimal Health Disease Prevention Vitality and Performance

Adequate levels of vitamins Deficiencies or imbalances Proper vitamin and
and hormones are essential in vitamins and hormones hormone levels support
for maintaining overall can lead to various health energy, cognitive function,
health and well-being. problems. and physical performance.