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Ppts of 3rd and 4th Stage
Ppts of 3rd and 4th Stage
COLLEGE OF NURSING
PRESENTED BY:
SIMARJEET KAUR
M.Sc. NURSING 1ST YEAR
INTRODUCTION
• Series of events that takes place in the genital
organs in an effort to expel the viable products of
conception out of the womb through the vagina
into the outer world is called labour. It begins
after explusion of the fetus and ends with
explusion of the placenta and membranes
THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR
• Expectant management
• Active management
EXPECTANT MANAGEMENT
• Placental separation and descent into the vagina are
allowed to occur spontaneously.
• Minimal assistance may be given for the placental
explusion if it needed
• Constant watch is mandatory and the patient should
not be left alone
• If the mother is delivered in the lateral position, she
should be changed to dorsal position to note
features of placental separation and to assess the
amount of blood loss
Explusion of the placenta
When the features of placental separation and
its descent into the lower segment are
confirmed, the patient is asked to bear down
simultaneously with the hardening of the uterus.
• If the patient fails to expel, one can wait safely
upto 10 minutes if there is no bleeding.
• As soon as the placenta passes, it is grasped by
the hands and twisted round and round with
gentle traction so that the membranes are
stripped intact
• If the membranes threaten to tear, they are
caught hold of by sponge holding forceps and
twisting movements the rest of the membranes
are delivered
• Gentleness, patience and care are prerequisites
for complete delivery of the membranes
• Pain
• Anxiety
• Imbalance nutritional pattern
• Disturbed sleeping pattern
• Risk for altered homeostasis
PLANNING
• Frequent assessments to monitor maternal
recovery from delivery
• Complete maternal assessment every 15 minutes
for the first hour, every 30 minutes for the
second hour and then hourly for the next 2 hours
• Enhance maternal newborn attachment
• Teach self care measures to prevent bleeding and
enhance comfort
• Provide warm blankets and hot drinks for
preventing shivering and chilling
• Provide clean linen
• Offer sponge bath
• Place ice packs on perineum to decrease swelling
and increase comfort
• Massage and express the fundus
Summary
Third stage of labour starts after the explusion
of fetus and ends with the explusion of the
placenta with its membranes. Today we
discussed about the definition, its events, clinical
course and management of third and fourth
stage of labour.
CONCLUSION: