CHARACTERIZATION OF

NANO MATERIALS.
T E M , H RT E M
SEM, EDX
XRD, XPS
U V- V I S - I R s p e c t r o s c o p y
P L , X R F, E S R
Raman
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

 Understand the needs of nanoparticles/nanostructures

characterization.
 Understand the nanoparticles/nanostructures characteristics.
 Describe tools for properties of nanostructures.

2
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

 Understand the operating principles and use of TEM/HRTEM, SEM, EDX,

XRD, XPS, UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy, PL, XRF, ESR and Raman
 Describe the principles of electron microscopy and its application to
analyzing structure and chemical composition at the nanoscale
including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron
microscopy (TEM/HRTEM), SEM & EDX, XRD and XPS.
 Assess and criticize the data analysis from different optical
measurement techniques UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy, PL, XRF, ESR and
Raman.

3
 INTRODUCTION – WHY
S T U D Y N A N O M AT E R I A L
C H A R A C T E R I Z AT I O N S ?

C L A S S I F I C AT I O N O F
N A N O M AT E R I A L
C H A R A C T E R I Z AT I O N S

4
 WHY?

ENERGY WATER AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENT

5
 WHY?

ENERGY WATER AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENT

• Power plant : burning coal
- Burning hydrocarbon
- Particulate pollutants (hash etc)
• Fuel (transportation) : combustion
- Fuel’s always contain sulphur as an impurity 6
 WHY?

ENERGY WATER AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENT

• Drinking water : purity
- Filtration
- Shape and size of impurities
• Chemical properties of the nanostructures
7
 WHY?

ENERGY WATER AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENT

• Fertilisers : particulate in nature
- Formulated nutrients  effectiveness for the crop
- Shape and size of impurities
• Chemical properties of the nanostructures
8
 WHY?

ENERGY WATER AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENT

• 2 constituents
- Vapour phase
- Condensed phase
- City vs rural/urban environment (automotive traffic etc vs agriculture land)
- Sulphate sulphur deposit affected to storage disc 9
C A N T H E Y A C T U A L LY
P E N E T R AT E T H R O U G H
OUR SKIN?

10
IS THE RISK OF USING,
FOR EXAMPLE NANO
FERTILISERS?

11
DO PARTICLE/
NANOSTRUCTURES
PLAY A ROLE IN
INDUSTRY
PROCESSING IN
GENERAL?

12
HARD DRIVES

Do particle/nanostructures play a role in

this?

memory storage

scratch on the disc

data cannot be read

FABRIKAM 13
HEALTH CARE
PRODUCTS
manufacture of medical devices

Operating room

Tablets that you consume

FABRIKAM 14
HEALTH CARE
PRODUCTS
Tablets that you consume

FABRIKAM 15
PLASTIC MATERIALS

FABRIKAM 16
Click icon to add picture
18
N AN O M AT E R I A L / N A N O PA RT I C L E CH A R AC T E R I S T I C S

• SHAPE
MORPHOLOGICAL • SIZE

• CRYTALLINITY
Click icon to add picture STRUCTURAL • SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

• ELEMENTAL
COMPOSITIONAL • SPECIES/COMPOUND

• S/S, S/L, S/G

INTERFACIAL • L/S, L/L, L/G
• G/S, G/L, G/G

19
N AN O M AT E R I A L / N A N O PA RT I C L E CH A R AC T E R I S T I C S

• SHAPE
MORPHOLOGICAL • SIZE

• CRYTALLINITY
Click icon to add picture STRUCTURAL • SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

• ELEMENTAL
COMPOSITIONAL • SPECIES/COMPOUND

• S/S, S/L, S/G

INTERFACIAL • L/S, L/L, L/G
• G/S, G/L, G/G

20
N AN O M AT E R I A L / N A N O PA RT I C L E CH A R AC T E R I S T I C S

• SHAPE
MORPHOLOGICAL • SIZE

• CRYTALLINITY
Click icon to add picture STRUCTURAL • SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

• ELEMENTAL
COMPOSITIONAL • SPECIES/COMPOUND

• S/S, S/L, S/G

INTERFACIAL • L/S, L/L, L/G
• G/S, G/L, G/G

21
 NANOMATERIAL/NANOPARTICLE
CHARACTERISTICS
a) DIFFUSIONAL
5)PHYSICO-CHEMICAL
b) CONVECTIVE
a) DENSITY
c) INERTIAL
b) HARDNESS
d) PHORESIVE
c) ROUGHNESS

d) MELTING/FREEZING/BOILING POINTS7)FUNCTIONAL
ETC a) ADHESION

b)COHESION
6) TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
c) TOXICITY
One of the big issues in storage is agglomeration during
storage.
 NANOMATERIAL/NANOPARTICLE
CHARACTERISTICS
a) DIFFUSIONAL
5)PHYSICO-CHEMICAL
b) CONVECTIVE
a) DENSITY
c) INERTIAL
b) HARDNESS
d) PHORESIVE
c) ROUGHNESS

d) MELTING/FREEZING/BOILING POINTS7)FUNCTIONAL
ETC a) ADHESION

b)COHESION
6) TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
c) TOXICITY
One of the big issues in storage is agglomeration during
storage.
Click icon to add picture