PHYSICS

PRESENTATION
RIPPLE TANK
MEMBERS:
Maira Aamir
Haiqa Ehsan
Hadia Khan Niazi
Ifra Asad
Hadia Resham
Maryam Riaz
DEFINITION:
It is a shallow tank of water used for producing
waves and and to demonstrate their fundamental
properties
CONSTRUCTION:
→ It consists of a rectangular tray with a
glass bottom which is placed half above
the surface of table.
→ The vibrator is oscillating electric motor
which is fixed on wooden bar or plate.
→ The plate is suspended by means of
rubber band and it's lower end just
touches the surface.
→ An electric bulb is hung above the tray
to observe the image of water waves on
the paper or screen.
 WORKING:
GENERATING STRAIGHT WAVES:- As we turn
on the vibrator plate, it starts vibrating and straight
waves are generated on water surface.

GENERATING CIRCULAR WAVES:- Vibrating

bar is raised up and a knob is attached which is
lowered in such a manner that it touches water
surface and circular waves are generated.
RESULT:
As soon as the waves are generated, we
turn on the bulb. It's light falls on the
tank. The sheet under the tank captures
the motion of waves by generating a light
and dark pattern.

→Light line shows compression.

→Dark light shows rarefraction.
PROPERTIES OF WAVES
REFLECTION OF WAVES: Waves moving in
one medium fall on surface of other medium.
They bounce back in first medium such that.
Such that the angle of incidence is equal to
angle of reflection. In the other they reflect at
same angle as they hit barrier surface
e.g Sound waves striking walls
 DIFFRACTION:
Diffraction is the phenomena of
bending or spreading of waves
around sharp edges or corners
of obstacles.
-If there is more gap between
the obstacles then there is less
diffraction.
-If there is less gap between
obstacles than there is more
diffraction.
REFRACTION:
When waves from one medium enter into another
medium at some angle, their direction of travel
may change. Generally when there is less depth
both frequency and speed of waves is less. When
there is more depth both frequency and speed of
waves increases.
EXPERIMENT: Put a wooden block to
decrease depth of water then compare this shallow
area with the area of some depth, then you will
find difference in speed e.g Speed of
light is greater in air than in water, light entering
from air to water refracts.
The end