LESSON 23: MANAGING DIGITAL

1 COMPUTER SCIENCE FORM FOUR FOOTPRINT

MINESEC

FORBEWING KEVIN
BLAISE

COMPUTER SCIENCE
Teacher

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COMPUTER SCIENCE

LESSON FOR FORM4

FOUR

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CORRECTION OF ASSIGNMENT
1. Examples of active and passive digital
footprints.
• An example of an active footprint is when
a user is logged into a site such as social
media and makes comments.
• Example of passive digital footprint can be
information on the number of times a user
has visited a website or information on his
location.
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CORRECTION OF ASSIGNMENT

2. Explain how digital footprints are

created.
• Digital footprints are created through the
gathering of information on the user and
his activities as he navigates the web.

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LESSON 23
TESTING AND
IMPLEMENTATION

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PLAN
• Objectives
• Previous knowledge
• Real life application of understanding
the different levels of Software Testing
• Learning activities
• Assignment

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PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
• Notions on top down design
• Notion on bottom up design
• Modular system
• System requirement

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REAL LIFE APPLICATION

• Suppose two developers were asked to
develop and test an e-commerce
website having different modules like a
registration page, Login page, card,
dashboard, payment page, etc. First
the individual modules were tested
separately, then two or more modules
were tested and finally the entire
website was tested for complete
functionality.
•

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PRESENTATION OF CONCEPTS

What is system testing?

• Once the system has been developed
(created), it needs to be fully tested to make
sure that it is functioning correctly.
• Testing is the process of ensuring that the
system meets the requirements as stated in
the analysis and also to discover (and
eliminate) any errors that might be present

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Why software Testing?

(Objective)
• Testing is undertaken to ensure that
a system satisfies the user’s
requirements
• To discover any errors that might be
present.
• Testing needs to be undertaken by
both the programming team and by
the end-users.

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Testing Techniques

• Two main types are:

• White-box testing

• Black-box testing

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WHAT IS WHITE-BOX
TESTING?
• White box testing is a type of
testing technique which requires
the tester to know and understand
how the software works
• They are able to “see inside” the
program. Hence, white box testing
is also known as transparent
testing.

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WHAT IS BLACK-BOX
TESTING?

• Black box testing is type of testing technique which

requires the tester to understand what the program
is supposed to do, but not how it works.
• They are unable to “see inside” the program.
• In black-box testing, the tester does not know the
internal structures or either the code of the software.

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Other Test types or levels

1. ALPHA-TESTING
This is the formal testing at the end of development.
 It is undertaken by the programming team;
 It uses data that the programmers perceive to be
realistic;
 It is designed to ensure that the
requirements/objectives have been met.

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2. Beta-testing
Beta testing is when the
software is tested under
real conditions, using real
data, by a selection of
real end-users

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3. Unit Testing
Unit testing means testing
individual modules of an
application in isolation (without
any interaction with dependencies)
to confirm that the code is doing
things right.

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4. Integration Testing
Integration testing means checking if different modules
are working fine when combined together as a group.
Integration testing is testing the integration of different
part of the system together.

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5. Functional Testing
 Functional testing means testing a slice of
functionality in the system (may interact with
dependencies) to confirm that the code is doing
the right things.
 This is a black box testing technique, where the
functionality of the application is tested to
generate the desired output on providing a
certain input.

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6. System testing
It is done before the finished software product is
released to the market. It checks the overall
functionality of a product .It is a kind of black box
testing.

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7. Acceptance Testing
It determines whether a system meets acceptance
criteria according to user needs, requirements, and
business processes, allowing users, customers, or
other approved authorities to decide whether to
accept the system.

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Comparison chart
Unit testing Integration testing Functional testing
Definition Testing smallest units or Testing integration of two or Testing the behaviour of the application as
and modules individually. more units/modules per the requirement.
purpose combined for performing
tasks.

Complexit Not at all complex as it Slightly more complex than More complex compared to unit and
y includes the smallest unit tests. integration tests.
codes.
Testing White box testing White box and black box Black box testing technique.
techniques technique. testing technique.

Major Individual modules or Integration of modules or Entire application functionality.

attention units. units.

Error/ Unit tests find issues that Integration tests find issues Functional tests find issues that do not
Issues can occur frequently in that can occur while allow an application to perform its
covered modules. integrating different modules. functionality. This includes some scenario-
based issues too.

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Test Plan
• Testing a system involves creating and using a test plan.
• A test plan is a systematic approach to testing a system i.e. software.

A good test plan should be created for every system module and
include...
* A list of the tests that are to be performed
* The data to be used in the test
* The type of test -(normal / extreme / abnormal / live)
* The expected outcome of the test
* The actual outcome of the test should be logged (Data accepted /
rejected).

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Testing with normal, extreme and
abnormal data
• Scenario:
• Imagine we were testing a system module (text
box) to make sure that it will only accept entries of
numbers between 1 and 5.
• The test data would look like the example in the
table below:
The first three types of test data would be used to test
the system BEFORE it was delivered to the customer.

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Testing with normal, extreme and
abnormal data
Type of test Description Example
data
Normal data Data which should be accepted The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
and pass the test without any should be accepted.
problems. (In our example, this
was any number between 1 and 5)
Extreme data Data which is on the border of Using the same scenario as
what the system will accept. above, the numbers 1 and 5
would be used to test the
borderline data.
Abnormal Data that should not be accepted Examples of data that
data by the system. (In our example, should be rejected by the
this is any data other than 1, 2, 3, system could be 0, 6, Two,
4 or 5) Hello, etc.

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Testing with normal, extreme and

abnormal data

Type of Description Example

test data
Live data Data that is Once installed into the
actually used customer's workplace, all
in the modules would be tested
customer's with real-life data that the
company. company actually uses.

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An Example Test Plan

The table below demonstrates an example test plan that

could be used to test a system module that will be used to
accept the age of a driving test candidate.
The cell should accept ages within the range of 17 - 70 . Any
other data should be rejected:

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An Example Test Plan
Test number Data entered Type of test data Expected outcome Actual outcome
(test mark)
1 20 Normal Accept This section would be filled in
2 45 Normal Accept by the tester and will log what
3 59 Normal Accept actually happened as a result of
4 17 Extreme Accept each test.
5 70 Extreme Accept If any of the actual outcomes
6 Thirty Abnormal Reject (error were different to the expected
message) outcome, the module would
7 16 Abnormal Reject (error have to be corrected and then
message) re-tested.
8 71 Abnormal Reject (error
message)
9 -10 Abnormal Reject (error
message)

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