Principles of Aquaculture

FMA2001 (2+1)
Lecture 2: Aquaculture Biology
Learning Outcomes
1. Aquaculture organism’s anatomy

2. Reproductive system

3. Life cycle
 Aquaculture organism’s anatomy
Anatomy: The study of structure or morphology of living organisms.

1. Fish
2. Crustacean
3. Mollusks
4. Plants
Fish
Fish
Chondrichthyes-Cartilaginous Fish
Decapod Crustacean
Brachyuran Crustacean @ Crab
Molluscs- Bivalve
Gastropod
Aquatic Plants
 Thermoregulatory

Poikilotherms Homeotherms

Ectotherms Endotherms

Cold-blooded animals Warm-blooded animals

How to measure fish?
How to measure fish?
How to measure shrimp?
How to measure crab?
How to measure molluscs?
How to measure gastropod?
Fish reproductive system
Male VS Female Crab
MALE VS FEMALE SHRIMP
 Fish reproduction

• Nearly all fish reproduce sexually  sperm produced from testes

and eggs produced from ovaries.
• Parthenogenesis (asexual): female egg develops into a new
individual without fusing with a sperm cell. Eg: female hammerhead
shark
• Hermaphrodites: an individual has both testes and ovaries.
• External fertilization: large quantities of eggs and sperm are
simultaneously released into the water. (survival)
• Oviparity: eggs development outside mother’s body
• Ovoviviparity: develop eggs inside the body without nourishment
• Viviparity: develop inside body, nourishment from placenta
 Life cycle
1. Spawning
2. Eggs
3. Embryo (still in the egg)
4. Larvae (just hatched, depends on yolk-sac)
5. Fry (no longer depending on yolk-sac)
6. Fingerling (finger size, scales and fins are developed)
7. Adult