Tropical Evergreen Forests

–
Beauty of the Nature
Name-Aarav Arora
Class-9A2
Roll No. 2
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Distribution
Threats

Locati Flora And Faun Importance

a
on
 Distribution
• The maximum development of tropical evergreen forest biome has taken place in Amazon Basin
(South America), Congo Basin (Africa) and Indo-Malaysian Region (mainly in Java, Sumatra,
Borneo, Malaysia and Guinea).
• Evergreen Tropical Forest India was once a vast landmass known for its dense vegetation and
abundant wildlife. However, as human activity has increased, these forests have been reduced to a
delta of rivers such as the Ganga, Godavari, Mahanadi, Yamuna, and others. The Western Ghats
forests extend across Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, and parts of Tamil Nadu. The
mangroves of the Ganga delta (West Bengal) are one of the world’s largest tidal forests, and the
name comes from the Sundari tree that grows in its muddy areas.

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 Location
• The tropical evergreen forests usually occur in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a
temperature of 15 to 30 degrees Celsius. They occupy about seven per cent of the earth's land surface and
harbors more than half of the world’s plants and animals. They are found mostly near the equator. These
forests are dense and multi-layered. They harbor many types of plants and animals. The trees are evergreen
as there is no period of drought. They are mostly tall and hardwood type. Leaves are broad and give out
excess water through vapor-transpiration
• Tropical evergreen forests of India are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands , the0 Western
Ghats which fringe the Arabian Sea, the coastline of peninsular India, and the greater Assam region in the
north-east. Small remnants of evergreen forest are found in Odisha state.

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Flora and Fauna

• The typical animal species that are found in tropical evergreen forests
in India are, namely, Elephants, Malabar Giant Squirrels, Tigers, King
Cobras, Monkeys, Bats, Snails, Lemurs, Sloths, Bears, Indian Pythons.
There are also innumerable endangered birds, which include owls,
vultures, eagles, hawks etc. The trees and plant species found in
Tropical Evergreen Forest In India, namely, White Cedar, Chestnut,
Teak, Mango, Agar, Rosewood, Bamboo, Mahogony etc.
 Importance of Evergreen forests
• The evergreen forests are essential in not only promoting greenery on the planet, but they are also
useful in the continual survival of animals and plants in the forest ecosystem. The trees are
evergreen as there is no period of drought. They are mostly tall and hardwood.
• The tropical evergreen forest in India is essential to the wildlife ecosystem, which is known for
providing natural habitat to many species of birds, animals, and insects, particularly endangered
species such as owls, hawks, cardinals, and mammals such as possums, racoons, deer, and others.
There are also several trees and medicinal herbs found only in the tropical evergreen forest.

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 Threats
• Deforestation: Deforestation is the clearing of forests for other land
uses, such as agriculture and development.
• Climate change: Climate change is causing the Earth’s temperature to
rise, which is leading to more extreme weather events, such as
droughts and floods.
• Poaching: Poaching is the illegal hunting of wildlife.
• Encroachment: Encroachment is the illegal occupation of forest land.

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“Forests are the world’s air-conditioning
system – the lungs of the planet – and we
are on the verge of switching it off.”
Thank You!!!