Narayana Engineering College:: Nellore

Dept. of ECE

UNIT-V
IOT
By
A.VIDYULLATHA
Assistant Professor
Dept. of ECE
 IoT Applications:Smart Home, Smart
Buildings and Infrastructure

• IoT home automation is the ability to

control domestic appliances by
electronically controlled, internet-
connected systems.
• It may include setting complex
heating and lighting systems in
advance and setting alarms and
home security controls, all connected
by a central hub and remote-
controlled by a mobile app.
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• IoT home automation is the ability to
control domestic appliances by
electronically controlled, internet-
connected systems.
• It may include setting complex
heating and lighting systems in
advance and setting alarms and
home security controls, all connected
by a central hub and remote-
controlled by a mobile app.
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IoT Applications:Smart Home, Smart
Buildings and Infrastructure

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• The rise of Wi-Fi’s role in home
automation has primarily come about
due to the networked nature of
deployed electronics where electronic
devices (TVs and AV receivers,
mobile devices, etc.) have started
becoming part of the home IP
network and due the increasing rate
of adoption of mobile computing
devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.)
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• The networking aspects are bringing online streaming
services or network playback, while becoming amean
to control of the device functionality over the network.
• At the same time mobile devices ensure that
consumers have access to a portable ‘controller’
forthe electronics connected to the network.
• Both types of devices can be used as gateways for
IoT applications.
• Many companies are considering building platforms
that integrate the building automation with
entertainment,healthcare monitoring, energy
monitoring and wireless sensor monitoring in the
home and building environments.
•
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IoT Application in industries:

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• Value from visibility identification, location tracking
• Value form IoT-supported safety in hard industrial
environments Value from right information providing or
collecting
• Value form improved industrial operation and flows in
industry Value from reduced production losses
• Value from reduced energy consumption
• Value from new type of processes made possible by IoT
applica- tions
• Value form new type of maintenance and lifetime
approaches Value enabled by smart objects, connected
aspects
• Value from sustainability

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.Status and estimated potential of IoT
applications

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IoT Application of home appliances:

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 Home Appliance in Internet of Things:

• Smart Washing Machine:

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Smart Doorbell:

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Smart Camera for Safe Home:

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Nine Technologies of Industry 4.0

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 Oil and Gas industry in lot

• USING IOT IN OIL AND GAS

• Drilling Management
• Pipeline Monitoring
• Refinery Monitoring
• Offshore Monitoring
• Cargo Shipping
• Health and Safety
• Carbon Footprint Control
•
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 Activity monitoring

• Wearable sensors have become very

popular for different purposes such
as:Medical
– Child-care
Elderly-care
– Entertainment
– Security

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 Advantages

• Continuous monitoring of activity results

in daily observation of human behavior
and repetitive patterns in their activities.
• Easy integration and fast equipping
• Long term monitoring
• Utilization of sensors of handheld
devices
– Accelerometer
– Gyroscope
– GPS

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 Data Analysis Tools

• Statistical
• Sensor data
• Machine Learning Based
• Sensor data
• Deep Learning Based
• Sensor data
• Images
• Videos

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 Approaches

• In-place On the device

• Power intensive
• No network connection required
• Network Based
• Larger and processing intensive
methods can be applied Group based
analytics possible
• Low power consumption
• Average to good network connection
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 IOT IN AGRICULTURE

• Today, India ranks second in the world

in farm output 64% of cultivated land
dependent on monsoons.
• Irrigation accounts for 55-75% of
water usage in India.
• Nearly 60% of the water used in
irrigation is wasted.
• we conserve water by using soil
moisture sensors
•
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 IOT APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE

• Crop water management

• Pest management and control works
Precision agriculture
• Food production and safety etc.,

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 CROP WATER MANAGEMENT

• Usually the farmer pumps the water

more or less to cultivate the land.
• This may result in wastage of water
or insufficiency to the crops.
• sends an alerting message to the
farmer when the moisture level
increases or decreases.

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 PEST MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL
WORKS

– Often farmers hardwork are destroyed by

predators(pests) that results in huge loss
to farmers.
– To prevent such situation AGRICULTURE
INTERNET OF THINGS has a system that
detects the motion of predators using PIR
sensors.
• This information can be used by the
farmers to reduce damage done by
predators.
•
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 IMPLEMENTED METHOD

• SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR

• A sensor that will sense the moisture level in the land
(sand) called SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR.
• PASSIVE INFRARED SENSOR
• A PIR based motion detector is used to sense movement
of people,animals or other objects.
• ARDUINO
• Both SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR and PIR SENSOR are
connected to the Arduino to perform an action.
• Arduino will send the data to the data base using
Ethernet shield and if emergency it also send message
to the user by using a device called GSM module.
•

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 ADVANTAGES

– Cost effective method

– Optimize water use
– Sustain high-yielding
– High quality crop production

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 DISADVANTAGES

• Need for each soil type is calibrated

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 CONCLUSION

• We can predict soil moisture level

and motion of predators.
• Irrigation system can be monitored.
• Damage caused by predators is
reduced.
• Increased productivity.
• Water conservation.
• Profit to farmers.

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 Applications of lot in Healthcare

• Heart Rate Monitoring

• Very helpful for emergencies
• Analyses heart rate in an efficient way
• It is most effective an demandable application of
IoT in healthcare
• Nurse Assistant Robot
• This robot not only helps nurse but also can
communicate with the patients.
• Nurse can set-up their own commands according
to the schedule.
• Clean the room for new patients if any patients
gets discharged.
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• Connected Contact Lenses
• Detection of tear glucose level and early
detection of diabetes could be possible. It can
detect the change in size of eyeball(a symptom
of glaucoma)
• Early detection of various diseases.
• Remote Patient Monitoring
• Helps rural people with extent reach of doctor
• Reduces travel and hospital charges
• Sends notification to doctor if patient doesn't
takes medicine on time
•
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 smart grid in iot

• In the world of the Smart Grid,

consumers and utility companies alike
have tools to manage, monitor and
respond to energy issues.
– The flow of electricity from utility to
consumer becomes
• A two-way conversation Saving
consumers money
• Energy, delivering more transparency in
terms of end-user use
• Reducing carbon emissions.
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 Definition of Smart grid

• Modernization of the electricity delivery system so that it

• Monitors
• Protects
• Automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected
elements - from the central and distributed generator through the
high-voltage network and distribution system
– to industrial users and building automation systems
– to energy storage installations
– to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles,
appliances and other household devices
• The Smart Grid in large, sits at the intersection of Energy, IT and
Telecommunication Technologies.
• Smart Grid in Distribution Distribution Automization
• Demand Optimization - Selective Load Control Operation -
Islanding of Micro-grids
•

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 Distribution Automization/Optimization

• Managing Distribution Network Model

• Outage management and AMI
Integration
• DMS & Advanced Switching
Applications
• Integrated Voltage/ VAR Control
•

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 Demand Optimization

• Demand Response - Utility

• Demand Response - Consumer
• Demand Response Management
System
• In Home Technology enabling

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 Demand Optimization

• Smart Metering-
• Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer
Communication & Load Control
• Communications: Automated Metering
Infrastructure (AMI) - LAN, WAN, HAN
• DRMS (Demand Response Management)
• In Home enabling technology
• Demand in three category:
• Immediate, Deferrable, Storable
• Customer aggregation & De-aggregation
required for Peak shifting
•
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 Smart cities

• ADVANCES, PERSPECTIVES,
CHALLENGES IN SOME
TECHNICAL AREAS OF IOT AND
SMART CITIES
• Architectures Platforms
• Smart Cities and (examples of) other
loT application domains
• Data of the lot and intelligence from

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 IOT IN SMART CITIES

• Smart city will promote a healthy and

decent quality of life for its citizens
while it promotes better
infrastructures, clean and sustainable
environment using smart solutions
which includes :-
• MAJOR SECTORS IN SMART CITIES
:-ROAD TRAFFIC
• SMART PARKING PUBLIC TRANSPORT
• SMART METERS AND BILLING
• STREET LIGHTNING
WASTE MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT
•
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 WASTE MANAGEMENT :-
PROBLEMS :-

• Dustbin either full or not present.

• Tends to spill over and pollutes
surrounding.
• At the time of collection, hall full or
over full.
• Collection becomes inefficient.

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 SOLUTIONS -

• Put sensor which will automatically provide

status of fill level and raise alert.
• These sensors include temperature, GPS,
ultra sonic sensors.
• Systems to suck the wet garbage through
underground pipes.
• GPS enabled trucks. Route optimized
according to the pickup points, traffic and
road conditions.
• Send pickup points and route information
to truck drivers.
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 BENEFITS

• Cost reduction
• Saves fuel, time and effort CO2 emission
reduction
• Clean and green neighbourhood
• Avoid pollution
• Improved efficiency through real-time
monitoring
• Predicts waste generation patterns
• Makes arrangement in advance to avoid
unexpected waste accumulation
•
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 SMART PARKING

• PROBLEM :-
• While searching for parking slots :-
• Excess consumption of fuel Wastage of time
• Congestion on road
• SOLUTION :-
• Smart Parking System :-
• Sensors in the parking area communicate
occupancy of a slot to the parking area receiver
• App shows all the nearby parking spaces
•
App notifies users how many parking slots are
available where he can park which reduces the
number automatically
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• BENEFITS OF THIS SMART PARKING SYSTEM
• Saves fuel
• Saves time
• Less traffic on road
• Easy payment option
• SMART STREETLIGHT PROBLEMS :-
• Excessive use of energy
• Inconvenience to pedestrians in case of light failure
• SOLUTIONS :-
• Varying intensity of LED lights by using movement
detection sensors
• Detect malfunctioning of the light and notify the service
station Intensity of the light also controlled using weather
sensors

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 SMART TRAFFIC LIGHT

• OBJECTIVE:
• To allow smooth flow of traffic and reduce traffic jams
• To avoid mishaps on road
• SOLUTION:
• Sensors and camera detect congestion at signals
• Change traffic light based on congestion
• Zebra crossing automation
• Sensors detect over-speeding and camera detect the
registration number
• Display conditions of road and display message on sign
board accordingly
• Detect accidents and update maps and sign boards
suggesting alternative routes
• Preference given to ambulance, fire brigade, etc.

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• PUBLIC TRANSPORT OBJECTIVE:-
• To improve ease of access so as to encourage use of public
transport
• SOLUTION :-
• Show a map with details of buses on this route
• Shows details of particular route number
• Status on next bus arrival
• Number of vacant seats and fare details
Can also be accessed on mobile apps
• Smart card for payment
• BENEFIT
• Less traffic jams leads to lesser fuel consumption thus lesser CO2
consumption
• Road safety is improved Smooth flow of traffic
• Convenient to both vehicle and pedestrian commuters Saves power
by controlling lights
•
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• SMART METERS AND BILLING
• OBJECTIVE:-
• To help consumers see exactly how much energy they're
using, and what it's costing them.
• SOLUTION :-
• Monitors the reading
• The system sends the reading to the supplier immediately
• Also implements In-Home display
• Monitors how much energy is used
• The smart electricity meter connects to the mobile phone
network too sends information about how much gas and
• to your energy supplier
•

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 BENEFITS

• No need to submit meter reading

• We can closely track the electricity
usage
• Accurate bills, no more estimates
• Highlights faulty appliances
• Prepay friendly

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 SOME OF THE KEY SMART CITY
TECHNOLOGIES RELEVANT FOR SAFE
CITY INCLUDES:-

• Panic buttons in public places and SoS

mobile applications
• Video surveillance cameras and
monitoring
• 24/7 emergency helpline centres
Remote FIR centres
• Community volunteer network
platform
• Smart reporting by the citizens
• Incident response
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