Chapter 6.

2
Development of pollen grains and
embryo sac
Pollen Sac
Formation of pollen grains
Formation of pollen tube after pollination
Formation of embryo
sac in an ovule
- Refer to textbook,
pg 119

Antipodal cells

Synergid
cells
6.3 Pollination and fertilisation
Pollination
 Is a process in which mature pollen grains from the
anther are transferred to the stigma of a flower.

Pollinating
agent /
 One male gamete nucleus fuses with egg cell  Diploid zygote (2n)  Embryo
 The other male gamete nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei  Triploid nucleus (3n)
 Endosperm ( Food storing tissues )
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUjVHUf4d1I
 Refer to textbook, pg 121
6.4 Development of seed and fruit
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMyKhxCEy1Q
Embryo

Triploid nucleus (3n)

Diploid
zygote
(2n)
Embryo of seed

Plumule

Radicle Cotyledon
Ovary  Fruit flesh
Type of fruit
Seed

Embryo

Cotyledon
Seed coat / Plumule Radicle ( First leave after germination /
Testa Food storage )
Cotyledon
– Food storage
– Seed leaf, formed during embryogenesis
Seed coat True leaf ( formed after
germination )
Cotyledon

Cotyledon ( Seed leaf - formed during

embryogenesis )
Monocot & Dicot
Endospermic seed & non-endospermic seed
Non-endospermic seed Endospermic seed
Non-endospermic seed Endospermic seed
 Non-endospermic seed Endospermic seed

Endosperm is absent Endosperm is present

Food is stored in cotyledons Food is not stored in

cotyledons

Cotyledons are thick and fleshy Cotyledons are thin and papery

Example: Pea, Bean, Nuts Example: Maize

 6.5 Importance of seed for survival

 Seeds are the structures used to replant most

angiosperms ( flowering plant ) to maintain the
survival of plant species.
 Seeds have specific features to increase the
chances of reproduction.