Facility Planning

Facility Layout
 Facility Layout
Arrangement of activities, processes, departments,
workstations, storage areas, kiosks within a facility
Basic Objective
To ensure smooth flow of work, material, people at
reduced costs
To design effective workflow for increased productivity
 Effective Layouts
Minimize movement and Facilitate entry, exit and
material handling costs placement of material,
Utilize space efficiently products and people
Utilize labour efficiently Incorporate safety and
Eliminate bottlenecks security measures
Facilitate communication Encourage proper
between workers, between maintenance activities
workers and supervisors Provide flexibility to adapt
and between workers and to changing conditions
customers Increase capacity
Basic Layouts
Product layout

Process layout

Fixed-position layout

Cellular layout
 Process Layout
(Functional Layout)
Machines grouped in a single
department according to function
they perform
Used when production process is
non-repetitive in nature
Best for Firms that produce small
volume of wider variety of products
Product is customized
Flexible
Forklifts are commonly used to move
material from department to
department
Product Layouts
(Assembly Lines)
Arrange activities in a line according to sequence of
operations
Each product has its own “line” specifically designed to
meet its requirements
Flow of work is orderly & efficient
Product is standardized
Suitable for mass production with repetitive operations in
which demand is stable & volume is high
High fixed cost
Inflexible
Conveyors are commonly used
 Fixed Position
Layout
Product produced is too
fragile, bulky or heavy to
move

Ships, aircrafts,
housecleaning services

Product remains stationary

for entire manufacturing
cycle

Equipments, workers,
materials, etc are brought to
production site
https://youtu.be/-ovNi1cB7a4
Hybrid Layout
Cellular Layouts
 Different machines functionally arranged in specific
geometric layouts known as manufacturing cells
Each cell consists of all the machines & workforce
required to produce a product/product family
A single cell can produce a finished product
Can be in the shape of T, U, O, I, S
Supports Lean manufacturing
Combine product and fixed-position layouts
Question
You are the Operations Manager for a high-end
furniture manufacturer. Your marketing department
has introduced a line of custom, made-to-order
products that vary in style and will be sold in small
quantities due to the high cost of the products. You
decide to use this type of facility layout for the
production:
Fixed position layout
Product layout
Process layout
Designing Service Layouts
Mostly use Process Layouts
May seek to minimize flow of paperwork or to
maximize customer exposure
Concerned with circulation of customer traffic
through facility
Back office – organized for efficiency & functionality
Front office – aesthetically pleasing & functional
 Designing Service Layouts
Free-flow layout –
encourage browsing,
increase impulsive
purchasing, flexible
Grid layout – encourage
cust familiarity, low cost,
easy to clean and good
for repeat cust
Loop layout and spine
layout – increase
customer sightlines and
exposure to products
while encouraging cust
to circulate through