PowerPoint to accompany

Technology of Machine Tools

6th Edition

Krar • Gill • Smid

Inside-, Depth-, and Height-

Measuring Instruments
Unit 11

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 11-2

Objectives
• Measure hole diameters to within .001-in.
(0.02-mm) accuracy using inside micrometers
and inside micrometer calipers
• Measure depths of slots and grooves to an
accuracy of .001 in. (0.02 mm)
• Measure heights to an accuracy of .001 in.
(0.02 mm) using a vernier height gage
 11-3

Inside-Measuring Instruments
• Two Categories
– Direct-reading
• Size of hole read on instrument used to measure hole
• Most common: inside micrometer, Intrimik, vernier
caliper
– Transfer-type
• Set to diameter of hole then size transferred to an
outside micrometer to determine actual size
• Most common: inside calipers, small hole gages,
telescope gages
 11-4

Direct-Reading Instruments
• Inside micrometer calipers
– Designed for measuring holes, slots and grooves
• 0.200 to 2.000 in or 5-50 mm
– Nibs of jaws hardened and ground to small radius
• Permit accurate measurement
– Locking nut used to lock at desired size
– Based on same principle as standard micrometer
– Special-purpose tools not used in mass
production
 11-5

To Use an Inside
Micrometer Caliper
• Adjust jaws to slightly less than diameter to
be measured
• Hold fixed jaw against one side of hole and
adjust movable jaw until proper "feel"
– Move movable jaw back and forth to ensure
measurement taken is across true diameter
• Set lock nut, remove instrument and check
reading
 11-6

Inside Micrometers
• Used for internal measurements larger than
1.500 in. or 40 mm.
• Set consists of
– Micrometer head with range of .500 or 1 in.
– Several extension rods of different lengths
– .500 in. spacing collar
• Set cover range 1.5000 to over 100 in.
• Large sets have hollow rods for strength
• Read same manner as standard micrometer
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 11-7

To Measure with Inside Micrometer

• Measure size of hole with rule
• Insert correct extension rod
• Align zero marks on rod and micrometer head
• Hold rod firmly against head, tighten knurled set
screw
• Adjust micrometer to slightly less than diameter to
be measured
• Hold head in fixed position, adjust micrometer to
hole size while moving rod end in arrow direction
• Remove micrometer and note reading
• Add length of extension rod and collar
 11-8

Intrimik
• Consists of head with three contact points
spaced 120º apart attached to micrometer
• Contact points forced out
to contact inside of hole
• Self-centering
• Provides direct reading
• Range: .275 to 12.000 in
• Accuracy: .0001 - .0005 in
 11-9

Transfer-Type Instruments
• Size of object taken with instrument not
capable of giving direct reading
• Small hole gages for small measures
– Sets of four
– Range: .125 - .500 in.

Have small, round end or ball Have flat bottom

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 11-10

To Use Small Hole Gage

• Require extreme care in setting
– Measure hole with rule
– Select proper small hole gage
– Clean hole and gage
– Adjust gage slightly smaller than hole and insert
– Adjust gage till touching sides of hole or slot
– Swing handle back and forth ("feel") and adjust
knurled end
– Remove gage, check size with outside micrometer
 11-11

Transfer-Type Instruments
• Telescope Gages
– Used to obtain size of holes, slots, and recesses
from .3125 to 6.000 in.
(8 to 152 mm)
– T-shaped: pair of telescoping
tubes connected to handle
– Knurled knob on handle end
locks plungers into position
 11-12

To Measure Using a Telescope Gage

• Measure hole size and select gage
• Clean gage and hole
• Depress plungers until smaller that hole
• Insert into hole, release plungers
• Lightly snug up knurled knob
• Hold bottom leg in position and move handle
downward through center, move top leg from
side to side
• Tighten knurled knob to lock plunger position
• Recheck "feel" on gage
• Check gage size with outside micrometers
 11-13

Dial Bore Gages

• Used to check hole diameters and bores for
size, out-of-round, taper, bellmouth,
hourglass, or barrel shapes
• Gaging accomplished by three spring-loaded
centralizing plungers in head
– One actuates dial indicator
• ten-thousands of inch or 0.01 mm graduations
• Six sizes cover range 3-12 in or 75-300 mm
• Extensions increase range
 11-14

Micrometer Depth Gage

• Used for measuring depth of blind holes,
slots, recesses, and projections
• Consists of flat base attached to micrometer
sleeve
– Extension rod of required length fits through
sleeve and protrudes through base
• Held in position by threaded cap on top of thimble
• Come in various lengths up to 9.000 in. (225 mm)
– Screw has range: .500 or 1.000 in (25mm)
• Available with either round or flat rods
 11-15

To Measure with a
Micrometer Depth Gage
• Remove burrs from edge of hole and face
• Clean work surface and base of micrometer
• Hold micrometer base against work surface
• Rotate thimble lightly until bottom of
extension rod touches bottom of hole
• Recheck micrometer setting
• Carefully not reading Numbers on thimble and
sleeve are reverse
of standard micrometer.
 11-16

Vernier Depth Gage

• Measures depths of holes, slots and recesses
• Read same as standard
vernier caliper

Checking position of
toolmaker's buttons using
a vernier depth gage

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Permission required for reproduction or display.
 11-17

Vernier Height Gage

• Precision instrument
• Variety of sizes:
– 12-72 in. or 300-1000 mm.
• Height within .001 in (0.02 mm)
• Digital height gage
– zero function, display .0001 in.
• Offset scriber
– Attachment that permits
setting heights from face of plate
• Depth gage attachment
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 11-18

To Measure with a Vernier Height

Gage and Dial Indicator
1. Thoroughly clean plate, base, work surface
2. Place finished edge of work on surface
plate
3. Clamp against angle plate if necessary
4. Insert snug-fitting plug into hole with .500
in projecting
5. Mount dial indicator on movable jaw
6. Adjust movable jaw until indicator almost
touches surface plate
 11-19

To Measure with a Vernier Height

Gage and Dial Indicator
7. Lock upper slide of height gage, use
adjusting nut to move indicator until dial
registers ¼ turn
8. Set indicator dial to zero
9. Adjust vernier height gage until indicator
registers zero on top of plug
10. Subtract initial reading plus half diameter
of plug
 11-20

To Measure Heights Using

Gage Blocks
• Gage block buildup made when hole locations
must be accurate to .0005 in. (0.010 mm)
• Procedure
– Prepare required gage block buildup
– Mount suitable dial indicator on surface or vernier
height gage
– Set dial indicator to zero on top of gage blocks
– Move indicator over top of plug
• Difference between gage block buildup and top of plug
 11-21

Precision Height Gage

• Provides quick and accurate method of setting any
height within range of instrument
– Eliminates need for calculating and assembling gage
blocks
– Surface plate used as reference surface
• Made from hardened, ground round steel bar
– Measuring steps spaced at 1.000-in (25-mm)
– Bar raised or lowered by micrometer thimble graduated
by steps .0001 in or 0.002 mm
• Can be used for precision inspection and also
connected to statistical process control equipment
 11-22

To Use Precision Height Gage

• Clean surface plate and feet of height gage
• Clean bottom of work, place on surface plate
• Insert plugs into holes to be checked
• Mount dial indicator on movable jaw
• Adjust height gage until dial registers .015 in.
• Turn dial of indicator to zero
• Move dial indicator over nearest disk and raise column by
turning micrometer until dial equals zero
• Check micrometer reading (distance from plate to top of
plug)
• Subtract half diameter of plug from reading