WELCOME

SERVOMOTOR
• VARIETY OF SERVOMOTORS AVAILABLE FOR CONTROL
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
• DEPENDS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SYSTEM,
PURPOSE OF SYSTEM AND OPERATING CONDITIONS
FEATURES OF SERVOMOTOR
• LINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPEED AND ELECTRIC
CONTROL SIGNAL
• STEADY STATE STABILITY
• WIDE RANGE OF SPEED CONTROL
• LINEARITY IN MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• LOW MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL INERTIA
• FAST RESPONSE
 SERVOMOTOR
• MOTORS USED IN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
• WHEN THE OBJECTIVE OF THE SYSTEM IS TO CONTROL
THE POSITION OF AN OBJECT – SYSTEM IS CALLED
SERVOMECHANISM
• CONVERTS ELECTRICAL SIGNAL TO ANGULAR
DISPLACEMENT OF THE SHAFT
• OPERATE EITHER IN CONTINUOUS DUTY OR STEP
DEPEND ON CONSTRUCTION
 TYPES
DEPENDING ON THE SUPPLY
• DC SERVOMOTOR
• AC SERVOMOTOR

DC SERVOMOTOR

• DC MOTORS – EXPENSIVE THAN AC MOTORS

• DC SERVOMOTOR – LINEAR CHARACTERISTICS AND
EASY TO CONTROL
 ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS OF DC
SERVOMOTOR
ADVANTAGES
• HIGHER OUTPUT THAN FROM A 50HZ MOTOR OF SAME
SIZE
• LINEARITY ACHIEVED EASILY
• EASY TO CONTROL SPEED FROM ZERO SPEED TO FULL
SPEED
• HIGH TORQUE TO INERTIA RATIO
• LIGHT WEIGHT, LOW INERTIA AND LOW INDUCTANCE
ARMATURE – RESPONDS QUICKLY WITH CHANGE IN
POSITION OR SPEED
• LOW ELECTRICAL TIME CONSTANT AND MECHANICAL
TIME CONSTANT
 ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS OF AC
SERVOMOTOR
ADVANTAGES
• LOW COST
• HIGHER EFFICIENCY
• LESS MAINTENANCE SINCE THERE IS NO COMMUTATOR
AND BRUSHES
DISADVANTAGES
• DIFFICULT TO CONTROL ESPECIALLY FOR POSITIONING
APPLICATIONS
• LOW POWER APPLICATIONS – INSTRUMENT SERVO (EG.
CONTROL OF PEN IN X-Y RECORDERS) AND COMPUTER
RELATED EQUIPMENTS (DISK DRIVES, TAPE DRIVES,
PRINTERS ETC.)
TYPES OF DC SERVOMOTOR
DC Servomotor

Sliding contact motors Brushless or contactless

with commutator and motors with transistor
brushes commutator

Permanent Magnet motors Electromagnetic Field Motors

1. Cylindrical Armature motors 1. Armature controlled motors
2. DISC Armature motors 2. Field controlled motors
3. Moving Coil motors 3. Series motor
4. Split field motor
PERMANENT MAGNET DC MOTOR

• Field windings replaced by permanent magnets to produce the

required field
• Economical for power ratings upto a few kW
Advantages

• Simple, reliable motor since field power supply not required

• Higher efficiency
• Field flux less affected by temperature
• Less heating
• Higher power output
PERMANENT MAGNET DC MOTOR

Disadvantages

• Magnets deteriorate with time

• Demagnetised by large current transients
• Drawbacks Eliminated by high grade magnetic materials
(ceramic magnets, rare earth magnets)
• Cost is high for these materials
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC FIELD
MOTORS
• Economical for higher power ratings (> 1 kW)
• Similar in construction like conventional dc motor
Features
• No. of slots and commutator segments is large to improve
commutation
• Compensating windings – eliminate sparking
• Diameter to length ratio – low to reduce inertia
• Eddy currents reduced by laminations
ELECTRO-MAGNETIC FIELD
MOTORS
• Torque and speed – controlled by varying armature current
or field current
• Armature controlled – field current held constant,
armature current is varied
• Field controlled – Armature current held constant, field
current is varied
AC SERVOMOTOR

• Two phase induction motor

• Differs with normal induction motor in 2 ways
Rotor built with high resistance so that X/R ratio is small – results in linear
speed torque characteristics (Conventional motor –high value of X/R – non linear
speed torque characteristics)
Excitation voltage to two stator windings – phase difference of 90o.
AC SERVOMOTOR

• Speed – Torque Characteristics

CONSTRUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS
APPLICATIONS

• Robotics
• CNC machinery
• Automated manufacturing
THANK YOU