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Material Selection and Alloy Design Chapter - 3
Material Selection and Alloy Design Chapter - 3
Engineering
Materials and
Their Properties
The members of a
material family have
certain features in
common: similar
properties, similar
processing routes,
and, often, similar
applications
Figure 3.1
Elastomers
• Lack stiffness – low E (500 – 5000X less than
metals)
• Able to retain initial shape after being stretched
• Relatively strong and tough
Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby
Metals
• Tough – high KIC
• Stiff – high E
• Ductile
• Wide range of strengths depending on composition and
processing
• Thermally and electrically conductive
• Reactive – low corrosion resistance
Hybrids
• Expensive
• Difficult to shape and join
• Properties dependent on combination of
materials
Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby
What type of materials information do
you need for design?
Figure 3.2
Figure 3.3
Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby
Mechanical Properties
The stress-strain curve for a metal,
showing the modulus, E, the 0.2% yield
strength, σy, and the ultimate strength, σts
Figure 3.4
Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby
Figure 3.5
Figure 3.8
Figure 3.9
Figure 3.13
Figure 3.16
Figure 3.17
Dielectric Loss
Figure 3.18
Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 4th Edition, © 2010 Michael Ashby