Biology holiday homework

by aaryan shrivastava
class9-c
sch no-5404
 Water
Water (chemical formula H2O) is an inorganic,
transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly
colorless chemical substance, which is the
main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and
the fluids of all known living organisms (in
which it acts as a solvent).
Why do all living organisms depend on water
They need water to carry out the process of photosynthesis.
Animals need water to carry out the basic cell activities. Some
animals keep themselves regularly hydrated to digest food and
produce body fluids due to their habitats, while some others
are adapted to less water consumption.
 Rain water harvesting
• Rain water harvesting is collection and storage of rain water that
runs off from roof tops, parks, roads, open grounds, etc. This water
run off can be either stored or recharged into the ground water. A
rainwater harvesting systems consists of the following components:

• catchment from where water is captured and stored or recharged,

• conveyance system that carries the water harvested from the
catchment to the storage/recharge zone,
• first flush that is used to flush out the first spell of rain,
• filter used to remove pollutants,
• storage tanks and/or various recharge structures.
Importance of ground water
Groundwater supplies drinking water for 51% of
the total U.S. population and 99% of the rural
population.
Groundwater helps grow our food. 64% of
groundwater is used for irrigation to grow crops.
Groundwater is an important component in many
industrial processes.
Groundwater is a source of recharge for lakes,
rivers, and wetlands.
Water pollution

• Water pollution is the contamination of water

sources by substances which make the water
unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning,
swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include
chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms
of pollution eventually make their way to water.
 Water pollution causes
• Domestic wastes such as household detergents, sewage, etc.
• Industrial wastes.
• Offshore and oil drilling.
• Thermal pollution.
• Nutrient pollution.
• Oxygen depletion.
• Microbiological pollution.
• Suspended matter
 Water pollution effects
• Destruction of biodiversity. Water pollution depletes aquatic
ecosystems and triggers unbridled proliferation of phytoplankton in
lakes — eutrophication —.
• Contamination of the food chain
• Lack of potable water.
• Disease
• Infant mortality
 Water cycle
• The water cycle shows the continuous movement of water within the
Earth and atmosphere. It is a complex system that includes many
different processes. Liquid water evaporates into water vapor,
condenses to form clouds, and precipitates back to earth in the form
of rain and snow
 7 stages of water cycle
• EVAPORATION.
• CONDENSATION.
• PRECIPITATION.
• INTERCEPTION.
• INFILTRATION.
• PERCOLATION.
• TRANSPIRATION.
Water cycle diagram
THANK YOU