AN INVESTIGATION OF USING

BIODIESEL/DIESEL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF

STATIONARY DIESEL ENGINE

UNITED COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH

GROUP MEMBERS: GUIDED BY :-

ANKIT PANDEY(1900100400010) MR. DILSHAD HUSSAIN,
VIVEK SINGH (1900100400058) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
BRIJENDRA SINGH(1900100400019) DEPARTMENT OF
DEVESH(1900100400020) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
 AIM &
OBJECTIVE
 The study aims at determining the suitability of biodiesel as an
alternative fuel for use in compression ignition engine.

 The prepared biodiesel was blended with petro diesel in different

proportions and then tested in single cylinder diesel engine.

 The variation in different parameters like BTE, BSFC and emissions

characteristics are studied between diesel and different biodiesel blends.
 WHY ALTERNATIVE FUEL??
 Depletion of fossil fuels
 Increased emissions
 Hike in petroleum prices

ESSENTIAL PARAMETERS

In today’s competitive market, an alternative must have to withstand following

characteristics:-

Technically feasible
 Environmental friendly
PRESENT ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FUELS:
Ethanol,
natural gases, hydrogen, etc.……….but most suitable alternative to
conventional fuels (mainly diesel) is.…BIODIESEL

BIODIESEL are produced from animal fat and vegetable oil which consist of
long chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl or propyl) esters.

Biodiesel produced from vegetable oil by a process known as transesterification.

TRANSESTERIFICATION involves the reaction of vegetable oil with an

alcohol in presence of catalyst to form Esters and glycerol.

These ester are referred to as biodiesel and they can be used in C.I. engine as a
sole fuel or by blending with petro diesel in various proportion.
 TRANSESTERIFICATION
 Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil or animal fat diesel fuel consisting of long
alkyl chain esters, and the process of this conversion is called
TRANSESTERIFICATION.
 Reaction of vegetable oil with alcohol in presence of catalyst, to form Esters
and Glycerol.
 Solution is kept for a day and after that when glycerol settled at the bottom
fuel and glycerol can be easily separated.
 Further fuel is heated with acid to remove remaining impurities.
 Different alcohol and Different catalyst combination are used for preparation
of different biodiesel and pure biodiesel is obtained by further heating.
 Different blends are made by changing proportion of diesel and biofuel.
 Some commonly used alcohol-methanol, ethanol.
 Some commonly used catalyst—NaOH ,KOH.,Sulphuric Acid.
 Literature Review

Optimum conditions of transesterification for various oil which we have

studied:-
 Eucalyptus Oil:-
Alcohol– Ethanol
Catalyst—NaOH
Temp.—60-65 C
Duration—70 min.
By:-E. Naranjo, C. Gonzalez

 Sunflower Oil:-
Alcohol—Isopropyl Alcohol
Catalyst—KOH (0.5-1.5% by wt.)
Temp.—55C
Duration—1-3 hr
Molar Ratio—6:1
By:-R. Sheikhosalem and Charles
 Soyabean Oil:-
Alcohol—Methanol
Catalyst—KOH (1.5% by wt.)
Temp.—65 C
Duration –2 hrs
Molar Ratio—1:1

 Waste Cooking Oil:-

Alcohol—Methanol
Catalyst—NaOH/KOH *(1% by wt.)
Temp.—60-65C
Duration—50-80 min.
Molar Ratio—1:4
 METHODOLOGY
1) Selection of biodiesel on the basis of various properties ( like
availability, viscosity, fire point and flash point temperature, cetane
no., calorific value)

2) Blending of biodiesel with petro diesel in different proportions(B5,

B10, B15)

3) Testing of prepared blends on VCR Diesel Engine for performance

analysis.

4) Determination of emission characteristics on AVL Smoke Meter.

5) Comparison of different blends and petrodiesel with the help of

performance curves.

6) Choosing the best blend amongst them.

 Selected Biodiesel-
After reviewing many research papers and surveying of oils
available in market we choose Sunflower Oil to make
biodiesel for our project.
In world sunflower seed production =32.39 millions tonnes
which accounts 8.5% of total oil seed production.
Apart from this sunflower oil is also edible which adds as an
advantage to this oil.
 Preparation of Biodiesel
1. Add 1.5gm of NaOH in 30ml of methanol in a 125ml conical
flask.
2. Stirred it on magnetic stirrer until NaOH pellets gets
completely dissolved in methanol.
3. After that take 150ml of sunflower oil in 250ml conical flask
and heat it upto 60 C.
4. Now add methanol – NaOH solution in oil and cover the top
with Al. foil.
5. Stir the mixture for 1hr on magnetic stirrer with hot plate to
maintain constant temperature.
6. Pour the mixture in separating funnel.
7. Allow it to cool for 20 min. So that glycerol can be settled at
bottom.
8. Separate out the glycerol from bottom in a separate beaker.
9. Collect the biodiesel in separate beaker.

Oil taken =150 ml ; Biodiesel

obtained=120ml(approx)
 GRANT CHART

TASK NAME NOV-2021 DEC-2021 AUG-2022 SEPT-2022 OCT-2022 NOV-

2022

RESEARCH
STUDY
(ROBOTIC
ARM)

RESEARCH
STUDY
(BIO-DIESEL)

SPECIFICATI
ON

ANALYSIS

EXPERIMEN
T
THANK YOU !!