Venous

Venous drainage
drainage of
of
lower
lower limb
limb
 Veins of lower limb
• Classification
3 Groups-

• Superficial

• Deep

• Perforating
 Superficial veins
• Great saphenous vein

• Small saphenous vein

Great saphenous vein
Small saphenous vein
 Deep veins
• These are-
• Anterior tibial vein
• Posterior tibial vein
• Peroneal vein
• Popliteal vein
• Femoral vein
Anterior tibial vein
Femoral vein
 Perforating veins
• Connect superficial veins with the deep
veins

• Classification-

• Indirect perforating veins

• Direct perforating veins

 Direct perforating veins
(a) In the thigh- Adductor canal perforator

(b) Below the knee-

(c) In the leg-

(1) A lateral perforator

(2) Upper medial perforator

(3) Middle medial perforator

Indirect perforating
veins
 Clinical Anatomy
(1) Calf pump or Peripheral heart

(2) Varicose veins

 Tests
• Trendelenburg test- Done for
superficial & perforators

• Perthe’s test- Done for deep veins

only
THANKS
Lymphatic
Lymphatic drainage
drainage
of
of lower
lower limb
limb
 Classification
(1) Lymph node-
(a) Superficial : superficial inguinal lymph node
(b) Deep: deep inguinal lymph node
Popliteal lymph node
Anterior tibial lymph node
(2) Lymphatics-
(a) Superficial
(b) Deep
Superficial inguinal lymph
node
• They drains-
Skin & fascia of lower limb
Perineum & trunk below the
umbilical plane
• Devided into 3 sets-
(1) Lower vertical group
(2) Upper lateral group
(3) Upper medial group
 lymph drainage of lower
limb
 Superficial lymph node
 may be divided into two groups
– Upper group: below the inguinal lig.
– Lower group: around the terminal part of
great saphenous v.
– Receive lymph from lower part of
abdominal wall,perineum and lower limb
with the exception of region drained by
popliteal ln.
Superficial inguinal lymph node
Lymphatic Drainage of the
Gluteal Region & Thigh
 lymph drainage of lower
limb
 deep lymph node
– Locate around the proximal end of
femoral v.
– Receive lymph from deep lymphatic
vessels of lower limb and the
efferent lymphatic vessels of
superficial inguinal L.N. Their
efferent lymphatic vessels empty
into external iliac L.N.
Deep inguinal lymph node
lymph drainage of lower
limb
– Popliteal L.N.
• Embedded in the fatty connective
tissue of popliteal fossa
• Receive superficial lymphatic
vessels from posterolateral part of
calf, and from deep lymphatic
vessels accompanying anterior and
posterior tibial art.
• Efferents pass to the deep inguinal
L.N.
Popliteal lymph node
 Clinical anatomy
• Elephantiasis

• Enlargement of the inguinal lymph

node
 Elephantiasis
Infection of filarial parasite
Blockage of lyphatics
Solid edema in peripheral area of drainage-
enormous enlargement of limb
THANKS