Lesson 2

Solving Problems
Involving Test of
Hypothesis on the
Population Proportion
Objective

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

solve problems involving a test of hypothesis on
population proportion.
 Learn about It!

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion

Step 1: Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis.

 Learn about It!

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion

Step 2: Determine if the distribution is approximately a

normal distribution.
 Learn about It!

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion

Step 3: Determine the rejection region.

The rejection region can be determined based on the type of

test, the level of significance, and the critical values.
 Learn about It!

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion

Step 4: Compute for the test statistic.

The test statistic can be computed using the following

formula.
 Learn about It!

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion

Step 5: Form a decision on whether to reject or not.

Step 6: Make a conclusion on the hypothesis.

 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
To determine whether the sampling distribution is
approximately normal, check if the following inequalities
hold.
 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
1. Solve for

The hypothesized population proportion is Using this, we

can solve for .
 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
2. Check if holds.

Since , it follows that is true.

 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
2. Check if holds.

Since , it follows that is true.

 Try It!

Example 1: It is claimed that the population proportion is

equal to 30%. A sample of size 100 is used to test the claim.
Check if the sampling distribution is approximately normal.
Solution:
Since both and hold, the sampling distribution of the
sample proportion is approximately normal.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have

been out of the country within the past year. To test this
claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and
found out that 120 of them have been out of the country
within the past year. Test the claim at 0.05 level of
significance.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.
Solution:
1. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.
The proportion of Filipinos who have been out of the country
within the past year is at most 50%

The proportion of Filipinos who have been out of the country

within the past year is more than 50%.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
2. Determine whether the sampling distribution is
approximately normal.

It is given that and . Solve for .

 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Verify if and holds.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Since , it follows that both and both holds. Thus, the
sampling distribution is approximately normal.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
3. Determine the rejection region.

Since the alternative hypothesis uses the relation symbol , a

right-tailed test should be used. Since the significance level
is , it follows that the critical value is . The rejection region is
illustrated on the next slide.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
4. Compute for the test statistic value.

We have , , and Substitute these values into the formula.

 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Thus, the test statistic value is .
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
5. Form a decision on whether to reject or not.

As illustrated on the next slide, the test statistic value lies in

the rejection region of the distribution.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Thus, we reject the null hypothesis.
 Try It!

Example 2: It is believed that at most 50% of Filipinos have been out of the country within
the past year. To test this claim, a research institution interviewed 200 Filipinos and found
out that 120 of them have been out of the country within the past year. Test the claim at
0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
6. Make a conclusion on the hypothesis.

There is enough evidence to say that the proportion of

Filipinos who have been out of the country within the past
year is more than 50%.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

office claims that only 20% of the establishments around
the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To
test this claim, the supervisor visited 40 establishments,
and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an
earthquake drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of
significance.
 Try It!
Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.
Solution:
1. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.
The proportion of establishments with a proper procedure of an
earthquake drill is 20%.

The proportion of establishments with a proper procedure

of an earthquake drill is not 20%.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
2. Determine whether the sampling distribution is
approximately normal.

It is given that 𝑛 = 40 and 𝑝 = 0.20. Solve for 𝑞.

𝑞=1−𝑝
= 1 − 0.20
= 0.80
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Verify if and holds.

𝑛𝑝 = (40)(0.20) = 8
𝑛𝑝 = (40)(0.80) = 32
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
Since 8 ≥ 5 and 32 ≥ 5, it follows that both 𝑛𝑝 ≥ 5 and 𝑛𝑞 ≥ 5
holds. Thus, the sampling distribution is approximately
normal.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
3. Determine the rejection region.

Since the alternative hypothesis uses the relation symbol ≠, a

two-tailed test should be used. The significance level is 𝛼 =
0.05, so the critical values are ±1.96. The rejection region is
illustrated as follows.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
4. Compute for the test statistic value.

We have , 𝑝 = 0.20, 𝑞 = 0.80, and 𝑛 = 40. Substitute these

values into the formula.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
 Try It!
Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the establishments
around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the supervisor visited 40
establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake drill. Test the claim at 0.05
level of significance.
Solution:
5. Form a decision on whether to reject or not.
As illustrated below, the test statistic value 𝑧 = 2.37 lies in the
rejection region of the distribution.

Thus, we reject the null

hypothesis.
 Try It!

Example 3: The Disaster Risk Reduction and Management office claims that only 20% of the
establishments around the city have a proper procedure for an earthquake drill. To test this claim, the
supervisor visited 40 establishments, and 14 of them have a proper procedure in conducting an earthquake
drill. Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
6. Make a conclusion on the hypothesis.

There is enough evidence to say that the proportion of

establishments with a proper procedure of an earthquake
drill is not 20%.
 Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

1. It is currently believed that at most 75% of the students of

a certain school have participated in the fun run. To test this
claim, the guidance counselor interviewed 120 students, and
it was found out that 102 of them participated in the fun run.
Test the claim at 0.05 level of significance.
Key Points

Steps in Testing the Hypothesis of a Population

1 Proportion
Step 1: Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis.
Step 2: Determine if the distribution is approximately a normal distribution.
Step 3: Determine the rejection region.
Step 4: Compute for the test statistic.
Step 5: Form a decision on whether to reject or not.
Step 6: Make a conclusion on the hypothesis.