RIGHTS OF PERSONS

AND LAW ON
INVESTIGATION,
DETENTION AND
TORTURE
 The rights of individuals, often referred to as
human rights, are fundamental entitlements that are
inherent to all human beings, regardless of their
nationality, ethnicity, gender, religion, or any other
characteristic.

These rights are intended to ensure that

individuals are treated with dignity, respect, and
equality. Human rights are recognized and protected
by international law, as well as by many national legal
systems.
RIGHTS:
 Right to life
-Every person has the inherent right to life, and no one shall be arbitrarily
deprived of their life.
 Right to Liberty and Security
-Individuals have the right to liberty and security of person. This includes
protection against arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile.
 Right to Equality
-All individuals are equal before the law and are entitled to equal
protection of the law without discrimination.
 Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion
-People have the right to hold and express their beliefs, including
religious and philosophical beliefs, without interference.
 Right to Freedom of Expression
-Individuals have the right to express their thoughts, ideas, and opinions freely
through various mediums, subject to certain limitations.
 Right to Privacy
-Every person has the right to privacy and protection against arbitrary interference
with their private and family life.
 Right to Work
-Individuals have the right to work and to choose their employment, as well as to just
and favourable conditions of work.
 Right to Education
-Every person has the right to education, which should be free and compulsory at
the primary level. Education should promote understanding, tolerance, and friendship
among all nations and racial or religious groups.
 Right to Health
-Individuals have the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental
health, including access to medical care and essential medicines.
 Right to Participate in Government and Public Affairs
-People have the right to participate in the government of their country, either
directly or through freely chosen representatives.
 Right to a Standard of Living
-Every person has the right to an adequate standard of living. including food,
clothing, housing, and social services.
 Right to Cultural and Recreational Activities
-Individuals have the right to participate in cultural, artistic, and recreational
activities, and to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications.

These are just a few examples of the many rights that individuals are entitled
to. It's important to note that these rights are interdependent and indivisible, meaning
that the violation of one right can impact the enjoyment of others.
Governments and international bodies play a crucial role in upholding and
protecting these rights and ensuring that they are respected and promoted for all
individuals.
 KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, COMPETENCIES,
CHARACTERISTICS, THE ATTITUDE OF
CRIME/CRIMINAL INVESTIGATOR, KINDS AND
TECHNIQUES OF INVESTIGATION;

Crime or criminal investigators play a crucial role in the criminal

justice system. To be effective in their roles, they require a
combination of knowledge, skills, competencies, and certain
characteristics and attitudes.
 Here are some key aspects that are important for crime investigators:

 Knowledge
• Understanding of criminal law and procedures
-Investigators need to be well-versed in the legal framework governing criminal
investigations to ensure that they gather evidence lawfully and respect the rights of
individuals.
• Knowledge of forensic techniques
-Familiarity with forensic sciences, including fingerprint analysis, DNA testing,
ballistics, and other techniques, helps investigators process and analyze physical
evidence effectively.
• Understanding of criminal behaviour
-Profiling criminal behavior can aid in identifying potential suspects and
predicting their actions.
• Knowledge of investigative techniques
-Investigators must be skilled in various methods of gathering evidence,
conducting interviews, and interrogating suspects and witnesses.
 Skills
• Analytical skills
-Investigators must analyze complex information, connect dots, and draw
conclusions to solve cases.
• Observation skills
-Paying attention to details and being keen observers are critical in identifying
and collecting evidence.
• Communication skills
-Clear communication is essential for conducting interviews, writing reports,
and presenting evidence in court.
• Interviewing and interrogation skills
-Investigators need to elicit information from witnesses and suspects through
effective questioning techniques.
• Problem-solving skills
-Crime investigation often involves navigating through challenges and
complexities to find solutions
 Competencies
• Ethical conduct
-Upholding ethical standards is crucial to maintain the integrity of
the investigation and protect the rights of all individuals involved.
• Teamwork
-Many investigations require collaboration with other law
enforcement personnel, forensic experts, and prosecutors.
• Time management
-Efficiently managing time and resources is essential in resolving
cases promptly
 Characteristics
• Knowledgeable

• Perseverance
• Endurance
• Honesty and Integrity
• The Intelligence and Wisdom Of Solomon
• Acting Ability
• Good in Oral and Written Communication
• The Keen Power Of Observation And Description
• Courage
• The Power To "Read Between The Lines
• Knowledge of Martial Arts and Firearms Proficiency
 Attitudes
-The attitude of a crime/criminal investigator is a crucial aspect of their role in law
enforcement. This attitude encompasses a combination of traits, skills, and mindset that
are essential for effectively conducting investigations, maintaining objectivity, and ensuring
justice.

Here are some attitudes that are commonly associated with successful
crime/criminal investigators:

• Objectivity
-Investigators must approach each case without preconceived biases or
assumptions. They should gather evidence and information objectively, letting the facts
guide their conclusions rather than personal opinions.
• Curiosity
-A natural inquisitiveness drives investigators to explore every detail of a case.
This involves asking questions, pursuing leads, and seeking out information to piece
together the full picture of a crime
• Persistence
-Many investigations involve complex challenges and setbacks. Investigators must
demonstrate perseverance and a willingness to keep working on a case until all avenues
have been explored and the truth is uncovered.
• Analytical Thinking
-Crime investigators need to be skilled at analyzing evidence, identifying patterns,
and connecting seemingly unrelated pieces of information. They must be able to think
critically and solve complex puzzles to solve cases.
• Attention to Detail
-Often, the smallest pieces of evidence can have a significant impact on solving a
case. Investigators need to be meticulous in examining evidence, documents, and
statements to uncover hidden clues.
• Ethical Integrity
-Upholding ethical standards is paramount in law enforcement. Investigators must maintain
high levels of integrity, honesty, and professionalism while conducting their work. This includes
respecting individuals' rights and adhering to legal procedures
• Empathy
-While objectivity is essential, investigators should also possess a degree of
empathy and understanding. This helps them relate to victims. witnesses, and even
suspects, enabling them to gather information effectively and build rapport
• Communication Skills
-Effective communication is crucial for relaying information within the law
enforcement team, updating superiors, and testifying in court. Investigators must be
able to document their findings clearly and present them coherently.
• Teamwork
-Investigations often require collaboration with fellow investigators. forensic
experts, legal professionals, and other law enforcement agencies A willingness to
work well within a team is essential for a successful outcome.
• Adaptability
-Criminal investigations can be unpredictable, and circumstances may
change rapidly. Investigators need to adapt to new information altered directions,
and unforeseen challenges while maintaining focus on
• Resilience
-The nature of criminal investigation can be emotionally demanding. Investigators
must be emotionally resilient to handle the stress, exposure to disturbing details, and the
often long and demanding work hours.
• Problem-Solving
-Investigating crimes requires innovative problem-solving skills. Investigators
must find creative ways to tackle obstacles, consider alternative theories, and strategize
how to gather the information needed to solve the case.

Overall, a successful crime/criminal investigator embodies a balanced

combination of objectivity, determination, analytical skills, ethics, and interpersonal
abilities. These attitudes are essential for upholding justice, protecting society, and
maintaining the integrity of the criminal justice system.