Security Level:

UL Refarming Networking
Solution
www.huawei.com

Author/ Email: LiGuowei / mariano.liguowei@huawei.com

Version: V1.0(20150203)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Content

1 UL Refarming Market Update

2 UL Refarming Solution Description

3 UL Refarming Case Introduction

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 2

4G has entered the fast track of development
LTE Network
 112 countries
LTE Subscribers
 350+ commercial networks 430+ (billion)
350+
2.5

331 1.8

260 1.1

0.4
0 0.07

2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

VS

46 Commercial terminals

2  44% new shipped Smartphone support LTE

2009 2011 2013 2014.Q3 2014.12 UMTS  LTE Smartphone price of US$100 available
Source ：
GSMA

More LTE frequency bands and resources are needed to satisfy LTE development demand.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 3

Why UMTS/LTE Refarming?

High • LTE offers higher performance than HSPA+

Performance •
Significant coverage improvement with 2100 MHz vs 2600 MHz

• Spectrum available & technology neutral

Lower TCO • Re-use of existing infrastructure
• Re-use of 3G equipment (e.g. SingleRAN BTS)

• Spectrum refarming is evolution trend

Eco-system
Ready • LTE 2100 Infrastructure is ready
• LTE 2100 Terminal ecosystem is ready

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 4

LTE Coverage Comparison

LTE Coverage Comparison

4.0
3.5
3.5

3.0 3.0

2.5 2.3
2.0
2.0
Coverage km 1.7
1.6
1.5
1.5 1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0 0.8
0.6 0.6
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.4

0.0
Indoor DL 512kbps Coverage Indoor UL 256kbps Coverage Outdoor DL 512kbps Coverage Outdoor UL 256kbps Coverage

900MHz 1800MHz 2100MHz 2600MHz

Compared to LTE 2600MHz coverage, LTE 2100MHz has coverage advantage. So in urban
and rural area, less LTE 2100MHz sites can achieve the same coverage of LTE 2600MHz.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 5

LTE 2100 Terminal ecosystem is ready
According to the latest statistics of the GSA report, by the end of March 2014, 544 terminals (28.8%
of all LTE terminals) support LTE2100 MHz among 1889 LTE terminals (including data cards and
handsets) of 168 manufacturers in live networks.

LTE Terminal Band Sat.

900
800 769
740
700
600 544
500 467
413 405
400 379
345 335
308
300
220
200
100
0
d d d d d d d d d d d
ban ban ban ban an b an ban ban ban ban ban
Hz Hz Hz Hz ir -b S Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz
T
0M 0M 0M 0M Hz AW 0M 0M 0M 0M 0M
1 80 2 60 2 10 80 0 M 70 85 90 70 19
0
0
/26
0 0
8
/1
8 00

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 6

 Frequency Resource is ready
Statistics of global operators' 2100MHz Statistics of 2100 MHz frequency resources
frequency resources in each region
50
90 100% 45
78 45
80 90%
40
70 80%
35
70%
60 30 27
60% 25
50
50% 20
40 15
40% 15
30 9
20 30% 10 7 7
20 17 15 4 3 2 3 4
20% 5 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
10 10% 0
1 1 1 Northeast West Africa Pacific Middle North China
0 0% Euro Euro Asia East America Area
5MHz 10MHz 15MHz 20MHz 30MHz 35MHz 60MHz
operators of 5MHz operators of 10MHz
operators' number Percent
operators beyond 10MHz

From the frequency analysis in 2100MHz, most operators have 15MHz frequency
resource which is mostly more than frequency resources in 900MHz band or 1800MHz
band.
So right now GU 900MHz/850MHz refarming is implemented, U900 is used to extend the
UMTS coverage and capacity, and 2100MHz/1900MHz/AWS band can be used to rapidly
deploy LTE network.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 7

Content

1 UL Refarming Market Update

2 UL Refarming Solution Description

3 UL Refarming Case Introduction

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 8

 UMTS/LTE Refarming Solution Overview

 Adjacent channel
interference
 Co-channel interference UMTS/LTE Traffic
Interference Migration
Analysis Analysis

Interworking UL antenna
Solution analysis

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 9

 UL interference analysis
In UMTS and LTE co-band scenario, the interference between UMTS and LTE can be
divided to four types.
And the interference analysis should be through ACIR from 3GPP.
Interference Type
LTE eNodeB UMTS NodeB
LTE eNodeB  UMTS UE

UMTS UE  LTE eNodeB

UMTS NodeB LTE UE

LTE UE UMTS NodeB

ACIR （ Adjacent Channel Interference Ratio ）

LTE UE UMTS UE
1
ACIR 
1 1

ACLR ACS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 10

 UL interference analysis
The ACIR defined in 3GPP is as bellow.
ACIR of LTE UE
ACIR of UMTS NodeB ACIR of LTE eNodeB ACIR of UMTS UE
interfering to UMTS
interfering to LTE UE interfering to UMTS UE interfering to LTE eNodeB
NodeB

32.73dB/5MHz 32.73dB/5MHz 32.85dB/5MHz 32.85dB/5MHz

In UMTS and LTE coordinated scenario,

 In the interference from UMTS NodeB interfering to LTE UE and LTE eNodeB interfering
to UMTS UE, the useful signal UE received is always 32.73dB bigger than interference
signal, so the interference from NodeB/eNodeB to UE can be ignored.
 In the interference from UMTS UE to LTE eNodeB, because UMTS RTWP is always
lower than -100dBm, so the interference in LTE band is lower than -100-32.85 = -
132.85dBm which is much lower than background noise. This interference can be
ignored.
 Assume the interference from LTE UE could not be bigger than -106dBm and LTE UE is
always in full power, so the LTE path loss could be bigger than 23-(-106+32.85)=96.15dB
which should be in the nearest spot. Also considered the power control in the nearest
spot, the LTE UE couldn’t be always in full power. So the interference can be ignored.
In UMTS/LTE coordinated scenario, there is no need for guard band design.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 11

NodeB interfering to UE analysis
UMTS DL pathloss is the
same as LTE DL pathloss.
In the interfere from UMTS
NodeB interfering to LTE UE
and interfere from LTE
UMTS interference is
eNodeB interfering to UMTS 32.73dB lower than LTE
signal 。
UE, the useful signal UE
received is always 32.73dB
bigger than interference UMTS DL pathloss is the
same as LTE DL pathloss.
signal, so the interference
from NodeB to UE can be
ignored.
LTE interference is
32.73dB lower than
UMTS signal 。

In UMTS/LTE coordinated scenario, the DL interference can be ignored.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 12

 UE interfering to NodeB analysis
In the interfere from UMTS UE to LTE UMTS RTWP is always
lower than -100dBm.
eNodeB, because UMTS RTWP is
always lower than -100dBm, so the
interference in LTE band is lower than
-100-32.85 = -132.85dBm which is
much lower than background noise.
This interference can be ignored.

Assume the interfere from LTE UE LTE interference signal should

could not be bigger than -106dBm and be less than -106+32.85.

LTE UE is always in full power, so the

The pathloss should be
LTE path loss could be bigger than 23- bigger than 96dBm.
(-106+32.85)=96.15dB which should
be in the nearest spot. Also
considered the power control in the
nearest spot, the LTE UE couldn’t be
always in full power. So the LTE UE maximum Tx
power is 23dBm.
interference can be ignored.

In UMTS/LTE coordinated scenario, the UL interference can be ignored.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 13
 Interference analysis in uncoordinated scenario
In uncoordinated scenario, the
interference impaction will be bigger
due to near-far interference.
In the scenario that UMTS NodeB is
indoor cell and LTE eNodeB is Macro
cell, LTE UE is in the indoor position, due LTE5 MHz Operator Operation

to LTE UE maximum transmit power and Transmit power of the LTE UEs 23 dBm a

low coupling loss between UMTS NodeB Minimum coupling loss between the UMTS
90 dB b
NodeB and LTE UEs
and LTE UEs, the UMTS RTWP will raise UL UMTS ACIR 32.85 dB c

by 4.2dBm considering UMTS NodeB Interference power of LTE UEs received by

-99.85 dBm d =a-b-c
the UMTS NodeB
50% load.
Total interference and noise power before
the UMTS NodeB is interfered by LTE UEs -102 dBm e
(Considering 50% load)
So in the UMTS/LTE uncoordinated Total interference and noise power after the
=10*log(10^(d/
UMTS NodeB is interfered by LTE UEs -97.8 dBm f
scenario, the interference can not be (Considering 50% load)
10) +10^(e/10))

ignored especially in the LTE UE Background noise increase after the LTE
4.2 dB g =f-e
UE interference
interfere to UMTS NodeB direction.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 14

 UMTS/LTE Bufferzone Solution
Just like GU/GL Refarming, in order to avoid inter-Rat interference, Bufferzone should be
planned by U-Net.
LTE 10MHz UMTS F3 LTE 5MHz UMTS F3 LTE 5MHz UMTS F2 UMTS F3

Bufferzone area

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 15

UL Zero Bufferzone (Trial feature in SRAN 10.1)

CCU: Cell Center User

CEU: Cell Edge User

Custom Value Dependencies

 Improve spectrum utilization up to 100% maximally  LTE at least has 5MHz exclusive spectrum
(5M/5M/5M, 30%~60% CCU user uplink gain can
 LTE has exclusive carrier and the shared carrier
achieve 100%.)
width : exclusive carrier width < 2:1
 No need to plan buffer zone and make UL refarming
 Activate with WRFD-140225 Narrowband
easier
Interference Suppression
 Make site-level refarming flexibly

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 16

LTE Inter-Rat Interworking
Idle/PCH Mode Connected Mode

UE moving out of LTE

coverage
LTE

UE moving out of LTE

coverage

Cell reselection to
Utran / GERAN Camping priority: PSHO / Redirection to
Cell reselection
LTE > Utran > GERAN CS Fallback to Utran / GERAN
to LTE
Broadcasted in Utran/GERAN by
GERAN/Utran/ LTE PSHO / Redirection

UE moving into LTE UE moving into LTE

coverage coverage

Utran/GERAN

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 17

 LTE Terminal Penetration Estimation
Nastar Analysis
Method Advantage Disadvantage Band Number Percentage Traffic (Erlan)

1. LTE Terminal
Penetration and LTE
CS/PS traffic
Percentage can be
analyzed. FMA 分析
Need to deploy Nastar
Nastar 2. The analysis can be
in the live network.
done by
cell/network/cluster
level.
3. Convenience
operation.

1. Should be analyzed
offline, and use the
FMA tools.
1. No need to deploy 2. Only can get LTE
FMA
tools in live network. Terminal
Penetration.
3. Operation is more
complex.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 18

 Nastar Operation Introduction
Choose this table
1. Create UMTS Terminal
Analysis Task;
2. Choose Evaluate
Terminal Capability Table
like in the up picture;
3. Choose the Object and
UE Capability of LTE band
to be analyzed in the
Choose
down picture; Object

4. The analysis result is

shown in the right of
The result will be
down picture. shown here.

Choose UE Capacity

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 19

 FMA Operation Introduction
1. Create project, and import PCHR data;
2. Use Filter function to filter the key
information,
ConnSetupInfo.MobilityCapability_union[1:1].SupportEutraFdd,
ConnSetupInfo.MobilityCapability_union[1:1].ulEutraFreqBand1,

ConnSetupInfo.MobilityCapability_union[1:1].ulEutraFreqBand2;

3. Find the fields that represent supported Step 1 Step 2

LTE band;
4. Use the Para Statistic function to get the
analysis result.

LTE band information example
Step 4
Step 3
Right now the tool can only output the binary data of support LTE band
information which is just like the left picture. From lower bit to higher
bit, each bit means one band. Take an example, UE that supports band
5 and band 10 will be represented 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0010
0001 0000 which is 528 in decimal system.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 20

UMTS/LTE Co-antenna Solution
Scenario Separate Antenna Four-Port Antenna Two-Port Antenna
Solution Sharing Solution Sharing Solution

UMTS+LTE SASU

NodeB eNodeB NodeB eNodeB NodeB eNodeB MBTS

Currently, Huawei provides three antenna solutions: separate antenna solution, four-port
antenna sharing solution, and two-port antenna sharing solution. For a specific scenario,
Huawei provides a cell-level antenna solution based on actual conditions.
The two-port antenna sharing solution is of great concern to operators. This solution helps
reduce antenna expense and operating expense (OPEX), but it slightly affects network
performance which should be simulated before deployment.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 21

Content

1 UL Refarming Market Update

2 UL Refarming Solution Description

3 UL Refarming Case Introduction

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 22

 UMTS/LTE Refarming Cases
Whether
Number of UMTS UMTS
Telecom Frequency Spectrum LTE
Country Stage UMTS Equipment capacity MOCN
Operator Band Resources Bandwidth
Carriers Vendor Reduction
Is Involved
Batch
Japan eAccess 1800 MHz 15 MHz 1 carrier 10 MHz Huawei No No
delivery
15 MHz 2 carriers
SMART&S Batch (SMART) (SMART)
Philippines 2100 MHz 10 MHz Huawei No Yes
UN delivery 10 MHz 1 carrier
(SUN) (SUN)
South Africa Cell C Beta test 2100 MHz 15 MHz 1 carrier 10 MHz NSN No No
Presale Undetermine
Bahrain VIVA 2100 MHz 20 MHz S444/S333 Huawei Yes No
solution d
HACL and Presale
Cambodia 2100 MHz 20 MHz 10 MHz Yes
Latel solution
Presale
Thailand TRUE 2100MHz 15 MHz 1 carrier 10 MHz Huawei No No
solution
Early
Canada Bell 1900 MHz Huawei No
discussion

Right now, UMTS/LTE Refarming just begin, and many operators is in consultation period.
UL Refarming cases will be added later.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 23

 Thank you
www.huawei.com

Copyright©2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

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