DEMOGRAPHIC

TRANSITION
According to Bonald Lee
(2003),
Demography is currently in
transition; the mortality rate
declined followed by
fertility, causing population
growth rates to accelerate
and then to slow down
again. This demographic
transition leads to low
fertility, long life, and an old
population.
STAGE 1
Preindustrial Society

High and unstable birth and

death rates, population
growth rate slow,
importance of children, low
life expectancy.
STAGE 1
Preindustrial Society
Reasons for the changes in birth rate

1. Children are needed for farming.

2. They die at an early age due to illness.
3. No family planning and contraception/giving
birth is encouraged by religion.
STAGE 1
Preindustrial Society
Reasons for the changes in death rate

1. Disease
2. Famine
3. Poor medical knowledge
STAGE 2
Early Industrial Society
Reasons for the changes in birth rate

1. Children are needed for farming.

2. They die at an early age due to illness.
3. No family planning and contraception/giving
birth is encouraged by religion.
STAGE 2
Early Industrial Society
Reasons for the changes in death rate

1. Improvements in medical care

2. Water
3. Supply and sanitation
4. Fewer children die
STAGE 3
Late Industrial Society

Reasons for the changes in birth rate

1. Improvements in medical care and diet.

2. Fewer children are needed for work.
STAGE 3
Late Industrial Society
Reasons for the changes in death rate

1. Improvements in medical care

2. Water
3. Supply and sanitation
4. Fewer children die
STAGE 4
Post Industrial Society
Reasons for the changes in birth rate;

1. Family planning
2. Good Health
3. Later marriages
4. Improving status for women
STAGE 4
Post Industrial Society
Reasons for the changes in death rate;

1. Good Health care

2. Reliable food supply
3. People are much living longer
Thank You