CORRELATION OF WATER QUALITY

MONITORING AND WATER BORNE DISEASES

A CASE STUDY OF RAIPUR DISTRICT

The United Nations Sustainable
Development Goal 6 addresses clean
water and sanitation.

It aims to ensure access to water and

sanitation for all by 2030.
 WATER QUALITY

Water quality refers to physical, chemical, biological and radiological

characteristics of water.

In India, the bureau of Indian standards (BIS) has specified safe

drinking water quality standards in IS 10500:2012.

These standards have two limits : ‘Acceptable Limits’ & ‘Permissible

Limits in the absence of an alternate source’.
 Water Quality Parameters
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERS

• pH • E COLI
• TDS • TOTAL COLIFORMS
• COLOR • TURBIDITY
• ODOUR • CHLORIDES
• TASTE • TOTAL ALKALINITY
• TEMPERATURE • TOTAL HARDNESS
• SULPHATES
• IRON
• TOTAL ARSENIC
• NITRATES
• FLUORIDES
• FREE RESIDUAL
CHLORINE
 ABOUT JAL JEEVAN MISSION

• Jal Jeevan Mission was launched in the year 2019.

• It aims to provide assured tap water supply in adequate quantity of prescribed
quality in all rural households and public institutions by 2024.
 WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND
SURVEILLANCE
WATER QUALITY
MONITORING
• Sampling, Measurement and subsequent
recording or signaling or both of water
characteristics with the aim of accessing
conformity to specified objectives.
• Responsibility of PHE/ RWS or any
government agency responsible for drinking
water supply.
• Involves testing of water quality in laboratories.
WATER QUALITY
SURVEILLANCE
• Regular, specific measurement and
observation for the purpose of water quality
management and operational activities.
• Responsibility of Gram Panchayats or its Sub
committee (Pani Samiti/Village Water
Sanitation committee)
• Involves testing of water quality using Field
Test Kits (FTK)
 WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND
SURVEILLANCE (WQMS) FRAMEWORK UNDER JJM

• Samples from all the water sources to be tested at least once a year in
laboratory.
• Samples from all the water sources to be tested at least once a year using FTK.
CHEMICAL
PARAMETERS

• Samples from water sources to be tested twice a year (pre and post monsoon)
in laboratories
BACTERIOLOGIC• Samples from water sources to be tested at least once a month using H2S vials
AL PARAMETERS
 ABOUT ACUTE DIARRHEAL DISEASES

Diarrhea is a symptom of
infections caused by a host of
bacterial, viral and parasitic
organisms, most of which are
spread by faeces-contaminated
water.
According to WHO, Diarrheal
disease is the 3rd leading cause
of death in children under 5
years old and is responsible for
killing around 443832 children
every year.
According to NFHS 5
(National Family Health
Survey ) around 3.3% children
under the age of 5 years in
Urban Households and 3.7% in
rural households were found
suffering from diarrhea in
Chhattisgarh.
 CAUSES OF DIARRHEA OUTBREAKS

• Consumption of food or water contaminated due to fecal contamination.

• Contamination of drinking water at source or during delivery.
• Shortage of water, leading to unhygienic practices.
• Lack of knowledge in people about basic hygiene and sanitation.
• Insufficient monitoring of water sources for bacteriological contamination (pre
and post monsoon).
 DIARRHEA OUTBREAKS IN RAIPUR (2022-2024)
S Date of Outbreak Area of Outbreak Population No. of No. of Cause of Outbreak
No. of the Area Households Cases
1. 24.06.2022 Village Manth Tilda Block 2610 453 66 Contaminated Water from Handpump
near Sewerage

2. 17.07.2022 Pirda Village Arang Block 1995 383 15 Contaminated water supplied through
pipes which are under sewerage

3. 19.07.2022 Labhandi Sankalp Colony 450 232 21 Contaminated Borewell Water

Phase 2
4. 16.08.2022 Jarauda Village Dharsiwa 2438 446 42 Contaminated Water From Overhead
Block Tank and Borewell

5. 23.05.2023 Tandawa Village, Tilda Block 5555 1105 11 Contaminated Tap Water
6. 19.09.2023 Ward No. 9 Tilda 1742 423 49 Contaminated Water From Borewell
7. 27.09.2023 Ward No. 11 Tilda 1582 383 17 Contaminated Water From Borewell
8. 29.09.2023 Siltara Village Dharsiwa Block 9180 2363 89 Contaminated Water From Overhead
Tank
9. 23.03.2024 Labhandi Sankalp Society 450 232 180 Contaminated Borewell Water
Phase 2

Source: IDSP Department Under CMHO

CASE STUDY: JARAUDA VILLAGE (DHARSIWA BLOCK),
2022

• Source of Water : Borewell

• Population of Village: 2438
• No. of Cases: 42
• Cause of Outbreak: Contaminated
Water From Borewell.
• Water Testing Details: E Coli,
Vibrio Cholerae, Salmonella Typhi,
Klebsiella Species, Pseudomonas
Species detected in water samples
(2 Source, 2 House Connections)
•
 STATUS OF WATER QUALITY MONITORING IN
JARAUDA (WQMIS)
Year No. of Samples No. of Samples found No. of Samples Tested No. of Samples Found
Tested in Labs contaminated in Labs using H2S Vials Contaminated using H2S
for vials
bacteriological
parameters
2021-2022 1 0 13 0

2022-2023 18 0 17 0

2023-2024 18 0 63 0

2024-2025 0 0 7 0

Total 37 0 100 0

Source: WQMIS Portal

 PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED
Open drains carrying wastewater, not cleaned since past 4 years.

Wastewater drains situated very close to drinking water source.

Overflowing of drains during monsoon season increases risk of

contamination

Non- Availability of H2S Vials.

Information not properly uploaded in WQMIS Portal.

 CASE STUDY: LABHANDI SANKALP
SOCIETY PHASE 2, 2024

• Source of Water: Borewell

• Population of Society: 450
• No. of Households: 232
• No. of Cases: 180
• No. of Deaths: 1( 2.5-month-old child)
• Cause of Outbreak: Contaminated Water From
Borewell.
• Previous Outbreak: Occurred in July 2022
• Water Testing Details: Coliform, salmonella typhi
found (Borewell Water and tap water from household)
 PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED
• Water scarcity problem due to which people depend on water
supply through tankers.
• Septic tank situated at an unsafe distance (< 10m )from borewell.
• During summers when water table is low, septic water is drawn
Water Source along with ground water by pumps.
• Regular monitoring of water quality is not done due to which
contamination of water at source remains undetected until an
outbreak occurs.
• Previous incidences of diarrhea outbreak in 2022 were also caused
due to contaminated water.
• Responsibility of water testing using H2S vials in Urban Areas is
of Mitanins but due to unavailability of field test kits, they are
unable to perform tests.
Septic Tank
 Identifying high-risk areas for Acute Diarrheal Diseases.

existing water infrastructure and sanitation

Evaluating
facilities.
regular maintenance and monitoring of water
Ensuring
sources.
PREVENTIO Constructing
sanitation facilities such as toilets to prevent open
N OF and
improving defecation.

DIARRHEA Ensuring
that these facilities are easily accessible and
maintained.
households on safe water storage and handling
Educating
practices.
Encouragin community to participate in water quality
g monitoring.
the availability of sufficient field test kits (FTKs)
Ensuring
for regular monitoring of water quality
THANK YOU