Arka Educational & Cultural Trust (Regd)

Jain Institute Of Technology, Davanagere

(A Unit Of Jain Group of institutions, Bengaluru)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Presentation by “A” section students :-

AKASH L
CHARAN H
CHAITHRA M
FATIMA BANU
DEEPA R
BHAVANA M S
HARSHA Y

Presented To:- Dr Ganesh N Y

WORKING PRINCIPLE AND
ANY FOUR APPLICATIONS
OF OPTICAL SENSORS
(COLORIMETER)
Contents :-

• Introduction
• Optical sensors
• Colorimeter
• Construction
• Working principle
• Classification of optical sensors
• Application of optical sensors
• Conclusion
Introduction :-

• Optical sensors detect and measure light rays

into electrical signals. Similar to a photoresistor,
it measures the physical quantity of light and
translates it into a form read by the instrument.
• Optical sensors are a class of devices that use
various forms of light-matter (e., photon-atom)
interactions to detect, interrogate, and quantify
molecules for multiple applications.
Optical sensors :-
• An optical sensor is a device that converts light
rays into electronic signals.
• Optical sensors have the ability to detect light,
typically at a specific range of the electromagnetic
spectra (ultraviolet, visible, and infrared).
• Optical sensors have unique advantages, such as
high sensitivity, immunity to electromagnetic
interference, small size, light weight, robustness,
flexibility.
• Example of optical sensor: Colorimetry
Colorimeter:-
• Chemical analysis through measurement of
absorption of light radiation in the visible
region of the spectrum (400-760 nm) with
respect to a known concentration of the
substance is known as colorimetry.
• Electromagnetic radiations are divided into
several regions based on their wavelength as
gamma rays, X-rays, UV, visible, IR,
microwaves and radio waves. These
radiations when passed through matter get
absorbed.
Beer-Lambert's law :-

• When a monochromatic radiation of intensity

I is passed though a solution of a sample
under investigation taken in a cell of
thickness t, a portion of the radiation is
absorbed (la) a portion is reflected (Ir) and
the remainder is transmitted (It)
• I = Ia + Ir + It
• For glass cells, Ir is negligible
• So, I = Ia + It
Construction :-
Working principle of optical sensors :-

• Light beam changes by the phenomena that is being

measured
• Light may change in its five optical properties i.e
intensity, phase, polarization, wavelength and
spectral distribution
Sensing Details :-

Intensity based sensors - e, (t)

Frequency varying sensors - w,(t)
Phase modulating sensing-8(t)
Polarization modulating fiber sensing
Classification of optical sensors :-

►Extrinsic sensors
• Where the light leaves the feed or transmitting fiber
to be changed before it continues to the detector by
means of the return or receiving fiber.
► Intrinsic sensors
• intrinsic sensors are different in that the light beam
does not leave the optical fiber but is changed
whilst still contained within it.
Application of optical sensors :-

• These are used in smartwatches to measure the

heartbeat of the person.
• These sensors are used as ambient light sensors
in mobiles.
• These are used in biomedical applications for
breath analysis and heart rate monitoring.
• These are used as water level indicators.
• An optical sensor is used in the liquid level
indicators.
Conclusion :-

• The main principle of optical sensors is the

transmission and reception of light. The light
reflected or interrupted by the target object is
evaluated by several types of optical devices
based on the type of material, such as wood,
metal, plastic, transparent, or colored product.
-: Thank you :-