Unit 01

Auxiliary Verbs
main content

What Follows Auxiliary Meaning of Key

Verbs? Auxiliary Verbs
 definition
- Auxiliary verbs are verbs used with another
word to "help" other verbs in questions, negative
sentences, instrumental sentences and other
sentence types.

- Auxiliary verbs are always used along with

a main verb to indicate tense, mood, and voice.
Auxiliary verbs typically come before the main
verb in a sentence. In a question, the auxiliary
verb will be inverted to the beginning of the
sentence (with yes/no questions) or before the
subject (wh-questions).
1. What Follows
Auxiliary Verbs?
Auxiliary verbs followed by a
verb ending in –ing or -ed
Primary Auxiliary

Example
A. This biscuit was made by Lyra
B. We have just finished working
C. They are going to the party
Be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been,…)

The verb “be” or “to be” is an important verb that is used a lot in English. It can be
01 used as an independent main verb in all tenses including: am, are, is, was, were,
being, been…

When used as an auxiliary verb, “be” is always followed by another verb to form a
complete verb phrase (can be singular or plural, present or past). Negative sentences
will be added "not".
- Forms Continuous Tense

02 Example: I am cooking dinner with boyfriend

- Forms Passive Voice

Example: His laptop was stolen

Do (does, did, doing, done,…)
When used as an auxiliary verb, “do” always combines with another verb
01 to form a complete verb phrase.
The auxiliary verb “do” is often used in the simple present tense for negative sentences,
interrogative sentences and to emphasize an action
- Expresses Emphasis

Example: I do want lunch

02 - Forms Questions

Example: Do you know the book?

- Negative Statements

Example: Dung does not eat hotpot

Have (has, had, having,…)

The auxiliary verb “have” is often used with main verbs to form the perfect tense
- Forms Perfect Tenses
01 Example: I have been to Dubai (present perfect)
She had eaten lunch already (past perfect)
He will have cooked dinner (future perfect)
Auxiliary verbs followed by the
basic form of the verb
Modal Auxiliary

Example
A. Duc may leave tomorrow
B. You can take a photo
C. She will be there forever
 Modal auxiliary verbs are used to indicate possibility, potential, necessity or
01 intention. Modal verbs in English include: can, could, will, would, may, must,
shall, should, ought to, have to,…

02 Modal auxiliary verbs often come before the main verbs in the sentence. Modal auxiliary
verbs never stand alone but must always be accompanied by other semantic verbs
 2. Meaning of Key
Auxiliary Verbs
Likelihood can, could, may, might, would

Permission can, could, may

Intention shall, will

Request can, could, may, might, will, would

Necessity should, must, ought to

Will: be willing to, intend to

Shall: intend to (formal); have decided to

May / Can: be possible to do

Can / Could / May: be allowed to do

Must: be necessary; be logically

certain

Must / Have to: be required to do

Should / Ought to / Had better: be obliged to
do

Should have / Could have + p.p: was not

true, did not happen

Used to / Would: did in the past

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