SUPRASEGMENTAL

FEATURES IN
PHONETICS
LING08
Diacritics (glyph)
•SYLLABLE BOUNDARY
• Agriculture

[ˈæɡ.rə.kʌl.tʃɚ]
creative
[kriˈeɪ.t̬ ɪv]
Diacritics
• PRIMARY STRESS
• Careful

•[ˈker.fəl]
•Attention

•[əˈten.ʃən]
 Suprasegmental symbols…
• SECONDARY STRESS
• =for syllables that are not completely unstressed , but are also
not as loud as the primary stress.
• Academic

•
[ˌæk.əˈdem.ɪk]
• Methodology

•[ˌmeθ.əˈdɑː.lə.dʒi]
Suprasegmental symbols …
• LONG VOWEL SOUND
•Food

•[fuːd]
•Daughter

•[ˈdɑː.t̬ ɚ]
Suprasegmental symbols…
•LINKING (Undertie) = absence of a break
Suprasegmental symbols ….
• Linking: Consonant to Vowel -- American Accent
• Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tsljuK4f2E
Diacritics
• Diacritics are marks placed above or below (or sometimes next
to) a letter in a word to indicate a particular pronunciation—in
regard to accent, tone, or stress—as well as meaning, especially
when a homograph exists without the marked letter or letters.
• For example, pâte refers to clay whereas pate refers to the
head, and résumé or resumé is used for a work history versus
resume, which means "to begin again.”
• Link:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/grammar/how-to-use-and-understand-diacriti
cs-diacritical-marks
Diacritics…
• /ər/ r-colored schwa (Rhoticity)
•Fire [fɑɪər]
•h aspirated sound (voiceless stops: /p/, /t/,
and /k/)
•(Examples are found in the next slide)
• Link: https://mail.almerja.com/reading.php?
idm=170058
Diacritics …
• SYLLABIC CONSONANT
• A syllabic consonant is a consonant that replaces a vowel in a
syllable.
• Link: https://slideplayer.com/slide/9964645/
Diacritics…
• SYLLABIC CONSONANT
Diacritics …
•ɫ [ɫ] DARK /l/ (“dark L) /l/ or /ɫ/
• When L is at the end of a word (like in ball and able) or at the end of a syllable (like
in pillow and dollhouse), it is called the dark L. (Google)

• Light L /l/ and Dark L /ɫ/

• Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLbVK12epDM
Diacritics …
• The Light L

• The American L has two pronunciations depending on where it is in the word.

When the L is at the beginning of a word (like in love and look) or at the beginning
of a syllable (like in elongate and release), it is called the light L. The IPA
transcription for the light L is /l/.
• Here are some example words for the light L: love, light, live, language.
Diacritics …
• The Dark L
• When L is at the end of a word (like in ball and able) or at the end of a syllable (like
in pillow and dollhouse), it is called the dark L. The IPA transcription for the dark L
may be /l/ or /ɫ/
• The back of the tongue should lift up slightly towards the soft palate as you make
this sound, and you should feel a bit of tension in your throat and tongue. It is still
back in the mouth, but there’s a slight lift upward. You may even feel like the dark
L is made in the throat, not in the mouth.
• Here are some example words for the dark L: ball, hill, able, real.
Diacritics …
• SLASHES /../ = used for abstract phonemic
transcription (in a dictionary).
Diacritics …
• SQUARE BRACKETS [ ] = for the actual pronunciation
(what the speaker really said) = Phenetic transcription
Diacritics …
• PARENTHESES ( ) = To show pauses or silence in a
transcription, or when you can´t identify what has been
said.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• IPA Diacritics & Suprasegmentals | Transcription | Phonology
• Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkFdKCMXjxE&t=86s