Electrical Installation

and Maintenance NC
II
Perform roughing-in activities, wiring and
cabling works for single-phase distribution,
power, lighting and auxiliary systems.
Perform Wiring and Cabling Layout
1. Read and Familiarize:
o Mensuration
o Blue print reading and materials specification
o Application of pulling compound
o Methods in cable pulling
2. Interpret technical plan and drawing
3. Proper wiring procedure and cable pulling
4. Follow procedures in bending radius and loop tolerances for
cables.
1. Read and Familiarize
• Mensuration
• Blue print reading and materials specification
• Application of pulling compound
• Methods in cable pulling
I. MENSURATION
Best Practices in Mensuration
• Always ensure measuring tools are calibrated and accurate.
• Measure twice to avoid errors.
• Use the appropriate measuring tool for the task.
• Record measurements accurately for reference during
installation.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Pull Push or Steel Tape
For measuring distances, lengths, and
dimensions

Multi-meter
For measuring electrical values such as voltage,
current, and resistance.

Protractor
For measuring angles, especially in conduit
bending
 II. Blueprint Reading
Blueprints are technical drawings that represent the layout of electrical
systems in a building.
• Steps to Read Blueprints

1. Title Block: Check the title block for project information such as the
name, date, and scale of the drawing.
2. Scale: Understand the scale to interpret dimensions correctly.
3. Legend/Symbols: Refer to the legend to understand the symbols used
in the drawing.
4. Lines: Different types of lines indicate various features, such as
electrical wiring, conduit runs, or connection points.
5. Dimensions: Use dimensions to understand the placement and
distances of electrical components
FLOOR PLAN
III. Materials Specification
Specifying Materials:
• Materials specification involves selecting the appropriate
materials for electrical installations based on the project
requirements.
 Wire Type and Size
 Conduit Type
 Switches and Outlets
 Circuit Breakers
 Junction Boxes
Wire Type and Size (AWG & THHN)
Wire Cable Cross Recommended Circuit Usage
Gauge Sectional Area. Breaker Ratings.
(mm²)
(Amps)

14 2.0 15A General Lighting,

12 3.5 20A Appliances Outlet like Laundry, Bathroom & Kitchen

Circuits

10 5.5 30A Dryer, Air-conditioning, Water Heater.

8 8.0 40A Feeder & Large Appliances

6 14 60A Feeder & Large Appliances & Service Entrance – To Panel

4 22 75A Service Entrance & Feeder Wire –To Panel.

Conduit Type
Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC): Made from steel or aluminum, RMC is used in areas with high risk of
physical damage or where high durability is required. It’s ideal for outdoor installations and
industrial applications.

Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC): A lighter version of RMC, but still durable. It’s often used in
areas that require a more robust conduit than EMT but not as heavy as RMC.

Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT): A thin and flexible metal conduit. It’s commonly used for indoor
installations, especially in residential and commercial applications where flexibility is important.

Flexible Metal Conduit (FMC): Known as "Greenfield," this type of conduit is more flexible than
EMT and is used in areas with tight bends or restricted spaces. It’s often used in applications
requiring flexibility and easy adjustments.

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Conduit: A flexible type of plastic conduit with high durability,
used in areas requiring flexibility and corrosion resistance.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Conduit: A type of plastic conduit popular for outdoor installations and
applications that require corrosion resistance. It’s often used in underground projects.
 2. Interpret
technical plan and
drawing
I. What are Technical Plans and
Drawings?
• Electrical Schematics: Show the electrical connections and
components in a simplified form.
• Wiring Diagrams: Illustrate the physical layout of wires,
connections, and components.
• Blueprints: Provide a detailed overview of an entire building's
infrastructure, including electrical systems.
• Single-Line Diagrams: Represent the flow of electricity
through a system using a simplified, single-line format.
• Block Diagrams: Break down complex systems into simpler
blocks, showing how they interact.
II. Key Skills for Interpreting Technical
Plans and Drawings
• Attention to Detail: Pay close attention to symbols, lines, and
annotations to understand the drawing's intent.
• Knowledge of Electrical Symbols: Familiarize yourself with
standard electrical symbols to identify components accurately.
• Understanding of Electrical Concepts: A solid understanding
of electrical principles is crucial for interpreting technical
plans.
• Spatial Awareness: Visualize how different components and
systems fit together within a given space.
• Problem-Solving Skills: Use the information from the drawing
to identify and resolve issues during installation and
maintenance.
3. Proper wiring
procedure and
cable pulling
I. Tools and Equipment for Cable
Pulling
Definitions

Fish Tape or GI wire #16 (Cable Puller): A flexible tool used to guide and pull
cables through conduits.

Pulling Compound: A lubricant used to reduce friction when pulling cables through
conduits.
II. Methods in Cable Pulling
• Manual Cable Pulling: Involves manually pulling cables
through conduits using fish tape or similar tools. This method
is suitable for shorter distances or simpler pathways.
• Mechanical Cable Pulling: Uses a cable puller to pull heavier
cables through longer distances or more complex pathways.
This method is ideal for large-scale installations or industrial
settings.
• Continuous Cable Pulling: A method used in longer conduit
runs, where cables are pulled through multiple segments
without interruption.
• Reverse Cable Pulling: In this method, the cable is pulled
from the opposite end to reduce friction and ensure a smoother
pull.
III. Best Practices for Cable Pulling
• Pre-Inspection: Before pulling cables, inspect conduits for
obstructions, sharp edges, or other hazards that could damage
the cables.
• Use Pulling Compound: Apply pulling compound to reduce
friction and facilitate smoother cable movement.
• Avoid Over-Bending: Excessive bending can damage cables,
so use conduit benders to create smooth curves.
• Team Coordination: For longer pulls, coordinate with team
members to ensure safe and synchronized cable pulling.
• Secure Cables Properly: Use cable grips or similar devices to
ensure the cables are securely held during the pulling process.
 4. Procedures in
Bending Radius and
Loop Tolerances for
Cables
I. Best Practices for Bending Radius
• Follow manufacturer guidelines for the specific bending radius
of each cable type.
• Use appropriate tools, such as conduit benders, to ensure
smooth and accurate bends.
• Avoid sharp or abrupt bends that can damage the cable.
• For fiber optic cables, be extra cautious as they are more
sensitive to bending stress.
II. Loop Tolerances for Cables
• Cable Slack: Ensure there is enough slack to accommodate
bends and loops without stretching the cable.
• Support and Fastening: Use appropriate cable ties or clamps
to secure loops without over-tightening.
• Avoiding Tangles: Ensure cables are neatly organized to avoid
tangling or unnecessary loops.
Pipe Bender
III. Measurement for Common Bends
• Stub-Up Bend (90-Degree Bend)
III. Measurement for Common Bends
• Offset Bend