ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC

AND PROFESSIONAL
PURPOSES:

LESSON 1:
ARGUMENTS IN MANIFESTOES
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCY (MELC)

• Analyze the arguments used by

the writer/s in manifestoes
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPPIIa-d-3)
 ARGUMENTS AND MANIFESTOES

Argument is a set of ideas put together to

prove a point.

Manifesto is defined as a written statement

declaring publicly the intentions, motives, or views
of its issuer.
Parts of Arguments
 Three major ways to present an
argument:

• Reasoning – giving logical explanation of the

argument.
• Evidence – presenting statistics, facts, and
studies
• Appeal – stimulate the reader's emotions
 Types of Arguments
Deductive Arguments- proceeds from general
ideas/facts to specific inferences
Example:
Premise 1: All men are mortal (major premise/very
general statement)
Premise 2: Railey is a man. (minor premise/more
specific)
Conclusion: Railey is a mortal. (very specific
statement)
 Types of Arguments

Inductive Arguments-derives from specific observations

lead to a general conclusion
Example:
Premise: The past Marvel movies have been incredibly
successful at the box office.
Conclusion: Therefore, the next Marvel movie will
probably be successful.
IDENTIFYING THE ARGUMENTS
• 1. Read the paragraph
• 2. Ask, “What is the paragraph about?
• 3. Summarize the content in your own words
• 4. Find the sentence within the paragraph
that best matches the summary. This is the
stated claim of the paragraph.
ACTIVITY 1
Write A if the following is an example of an argument and N if it is not.

________1. Justine is angry with me, so she probably won’t

accompany me to the party.
________2. Are you serious? Stop doing that!
________3. Animal abuse laws in most countries are so
lenient that offenders face almost no punishment, so
stronger, stricter law must be imposed to protect animals.
________4. As generation of students enter college, it is
time for higher education to use gaming to appeal to
students and make learning more engaging.
________5. First, I watched Netflix, and then I ate lunch. At
noon, I decided to go out with my friends. I missed them.
________6. Divorce should be legalized in our country.
There are many women suffering from abusive
relationship.
________7. Elena showed me her artwork, and I was very
surprised to see how talented she is.
________8. Obesity has become a problem of many women
because obesity rates have risen over the past years.
________9. If the floor wasn’t slippery, she wouldn’t have
fallen into an accident.
_______10. Here you go again. Please, stop complaining.