SUN TRACKER SOLAR PANEL

THEME: ENERGY CONSERVATION

By,
SoEC H-(Batch No.5)

M.Venkata Koushik VTU24963

K.Ranga Harsha Vardhan VTU25013 Guided by,
M.Jaya Maheshewar Reddy VTU26672 Dr.Anish Pon Yamini
J.Sai Krishna VTU25334
NB.Halim Akmal VTU26946 Dr.K.Logesh
G.Kusal Gopichand VTU26494

Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of

Science & Technology
 LIST OF THEMES:

T-1 ENERGY CONSERVATION

T-2 ROBOTICS

T-3 PUBLIC SAFETY

T-4 AGRICULTURE

T-5 INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUTURE

T-6 CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

T-7 SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

T-8 AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

 SELECTED THEME : Energy Conservation
• Using energy-efficient appliances and technologies can
significantly reduce energy consumption. This includes using
appliances with high Energy Star ratings and opting for LED light
bulbs, which consume less energy compared to traditional
incandescent bulbs.
• Transitioning to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and
hydroelectric power can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, which
are finite and contribute to environmental degradation and climate
change.
• Educating individuals and communities about the importance of
energy conservation and providing information on simple steps
they can take to reduce energy consumption can lead to widespread
adoption of energy-saving practices.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION:

PROBLEM 1: A common problem with sun tracker solar panels is mechanical

failure,such as motor or gear issues.

SOLUTION:
Regular maintenance and proper calibration can help prevent
these issues .Additionally, incorporating backup systems or
manual override control scan provide solutions in case of
mechanical failures. Regular monitoring and timely repairs
arecrucial for ensuring the efficiency and longevity of sun tracker
solar panels.
PROBLEM 2: Problem with sun tracker solar panels is sensor malfunction,
which can lead to inaccurate tracking of the sun's position

SOLUTON :
This can occur due to dust accumulation, sensor calibration
issues, or damage to the sensors themselves. Regular cleaning
and calibration of the sensors can help mitigate this problem
Additionally, implementing redundant sensor systems or
incorporating software-based correction algorithm scan provide
backup solutions to ensure accurate sun tracking even in the
event of sensor malfunction. Regular inspection and
maintenance key to addressing sensor-related Issues effectively
Components for sun tracker solar panel:

• TDA2822 IC 2x

• 10k ohm Resistor 4x

• 5mm LDR 4x

• N20 Gear Motor 2x

• N20 Wheel

• Solar Panel

• Zero PCB

• Sunboard

• 3.7v Small Battery

• Charging Module

• Tip Top Button

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
WORKING PRINCIPAL:

• The working principle of a sun tracker solar panel involves a system that
positions the solar photovoltaic (PV) panels to face the sun throughout the
day. Here's a simplified explanation
• Detect the sunlight's intensity and direction. Processes the sensor data and
calculates the optimal position for the panels. Receives commands from
the controller to adjust the panel's position. Holds the panel and moves
according to the motor's rotation.
• As the sun moves across the sky, the sensors send data to the controller,
which then directs the motor to rotate the panel. This ensures the panels
maintain the most advantageous angle to the sun, maximizing energy
absorption Rotate on two axes, allowing for adjustments in both the East-
West and North-South directions, tracking the sun's position more
precisely.
• By maintaining the panels perpendicular to the sun's rays, solar trackers
can significantly increase the efficiency of solar energy systems.
 LIST OF MODELS:
Carpentry :
 Wooden window
 Sliding door
 Wheel chair
 Crank and slotted link
Electronics :
 Power supply board
 Emergency light
 Relay Board
Machine Shop :
 Machine Vice
 Bolt and nut assembly
 Simple and compound Gear train
 Sheet metal tray
SELECTED MODELS:

•CARPENTRY : Crank and Slotted

•ELECTRONICS : Relay Board
•MACHINE SHOP :Machine Vice
 MODEL 1
CARPENTRY : NAMEOFTHEMODEL
AIM : To Prepare Crack and Slotted Link
APPARATUS :
• Ram
• Rocker Arm
• Bull Gear Slides
• Dividing Pin
• Bull Gear
• Crank Pen
• Rocker Arm Pivot

PROCEDURE :
• Take a wooden plank and cut it in such a way that length is 30cm & breadth
is 5cm
• Cut a wooden plank into circle with the shape and diameter of 8cm use wood
cutter machine to cut that
• For the sake of base cut the wooden plank in the length 15cm and breadth 10 cm
• Take a plastic pipe of 40cm and cut that pipe vertically with 1cm
• Take another pipe of radius 1cm and size of pipe 10cm it acts as sliding motion in
the project
• Take an wooden plank and cut it with length 5cm and breadth 4cm it is used as
connector
• To the sake of another connector take wooden plank and cut it with the help of wood
cutter machine
• And for the last connector take wooden plank with length 10cm and breadth 3cm
• According to the diagram by using nut and boult and by the help of small wooden
pieces with length 5cm and breadth 3cm {4piecies required}

RESULT : When we connect a motor to the bull gear it converts (or) by the help of
rotating motion we will get output as oscillating motion (or) sliding motion
DIAGRAM :
Fig : 13.1 CRANK AND SLOTTED LINK
 MODEL2
ELECTRONICS: NAME OF THE MODEL
AIM:To Prepare Relay Board
APPARATUS :
Switch
Battery
Relay
Lamp
Power Source (9-12v)

PROCEDURE :
Take the dot board and pin all the components as far in the circuit diagram
Solder all the components properly and make sure you are soldering on a
correct soldering side of dot board.
After soldering it can be seen that the circuit is made as far the diagram and
verify the continuity of wire by using multimeter
Soldier the battery pin wires to the input side of dot board and verify that relay
outputs.
RESULT : Using digital multimeter in continuity test for
continuity of track and short circuit by switching on/off you can
control lamp
DIAGRAM :

Fig : 13.2 RELAY BOARD

 MODEL 3
MACHINE SHOP: NAME OF THE MODE

AIM : To prepare Machine Vice