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13 Ling 21 - Lecture 6 - Logical Fallacies I
13 Ling 21 - Lecture 6 - Logical Fallacies I
13 Ling 21 - Lecture 6 - Logical Fallacies I
Logical Fallacies - I
Two weeks ago, we studied
about…
• Various patterns of deductive arguments.
– Modus ponens
– Categorical syllogisms
– Argument by elimination
– Argument based on mathematics
– Argument from definition
– *Denying the antecedent
– *Affirming the consequent
*These are faulty patterns of deductive reasoning!
Two weeks ago, we also studied about
• Various patterns of inductive arguments
– Inductive generalization
– Predictive argument
– Argument from authority
– Causal argument
– Statistical argument
– Argument from analogy
Finally, we also studied about …
• Deductive validity and soundness
• Inductive strength and cogency
Deductive Inductive
Logical Fallacies
What you should get from Ch. 5
• You should understand that a logical fallacy is
an argument that contains a mistake of
reasoning. Further, you should note that . . .
• fallacies are divided into two broad
categories:
– Fallacies of relevance, and
– Fallacies of insufficient evidence
Logical Fallacy
• A logical fallacy – or fallacy for short – is an argument
that contains a mistake in reasoning.
call-in column)
Bandwagon argument.