NON-RECEPTOR

MEDIATED DRUG RAKSHITA JAIN

ACTION
NON-RECEPTOR MEDIATED
DRUGS
1. Do not act by binding to specific regulatory macromolecules.
2. May act by
A) chemical action
B) physical action
C)by counterfeit or false incorporation method
D)by virtue of being protoplasmic poisons
E)through formation of antibodies
F)through placebo effect
G)by targeting specific genetic genes
A)BY CHEMICAL ACTION
1. Neutralization
2. Chelation
3. Ion exchangers
NEUTRALIZATION
1. Antacids : by neutralising gastric hyperactivity
2. Heparin : strong acidic mucopoysaccharide neutralizes basic group of various
clotting factors
CHELATION
Drugs trap heavy metal in their ring structure and form water soluble compexes
which are then excreted
1. EDTA:Ca2+
2. Calcium disodium edetate : Pb2+
3. Dimeraprol : Hg2+
4. Pencillamine : Cu2
5. Deferoxamine : iron
HEAVY METAL POSIONING
ION EXCHANGERS
Cholestryamine
Exhange Cl- from bile salts
Resultant complex not absorbed and excreted out
Cholesterol lowering agent
B)BY PHYSICAL ACTION
1. Osmosis
2. Adsorption
3. Protectives
4. Demulcents
5. Astringents
6. Saturation in bio phase
OSMOSIS
1. Magnesium sulfate :acts as a purgative by exerting osmotic effect within the
lumen of the intestine. Thus the fluid is retained and the total fluid bulk of faeces
is increased, facilitating purgation.
2. cation exchange resins: reduce Na + absorption from intestine (all extracellular
sites of action).
3. mannitol : changesthe osmolarity in the nephron directly.
ADSORPTION
Kaolin
• adsorbs bacterial toxins
•acts as an antidiarrheal agent.
Methylpolysiloxane and simethicone
• adsorb gases
•used as antiflatulent.
PROTECTIVES
Dusting powders provide local effect
ASTRINGENTS
•precipitate and denature the mucosal proteins
•protect the mucosa by firming up the mucosal surface
• tannic acid
DEMULCENTS
•coat the inflamed mucous membrane
• provide a soothing effect.
e.g., pectin: in antidiarrhoeal preparations
menthol and syrup vasaka :in cough linctus
SATURATION IN BIO PHASE
general anaesthetics
• saturate the cellular sites (called the biophase) of centralnervous system.
• get packed in between the membrane lipids
•hinder metabolic functions or disrupt the membrane organisation.
C) BY COUNTERFEIT OR
FALSE INCORPORATION
MECHANISM
Sulpha drugs Methotrexate (anti neoplastic drugs)
Sulfa drugs resemble pmA in their chemical methotrexate resembles folic acid
configuration
irreversibly binds to the dihydrofolate reductase
enter into the synthetic process in place of PABA. enzyme
folic acid derivative contains a sulfa drug moiety production of the active form of folic acid is
in place of PABA prevented.
nonfunctional the synthesis of purine nucleotides and
no utility for bacterial growth and development ultimately the DNA production is hindered
the bacteria get deprived of the required folate and the death of cancerous cells
their growth ceases
(cytotoxic action) ·
(bacteriostatic action).
D)BY VIRTUE OF BEING
PROTOPLASMIC POISONS
• germicides
•antiseptics like phenol and formaldehyde
E)THROUGH FORMATION OF
ANTIBODIES
•vaccines :smallpox and cholera (providing active immunity)
• antisera :against tetanus and diphtheria (providing passive immunity)
F)THROUGH PLACEBO
ACTION
•pharmacologically inert substance
•Starch and lactose in solid dosage form
Uses
bring relief in subjective symptoms only
double-blind clinical trials of a new drug to distinguish the real pharmacodynamics
eftect of a drug from the personal bias of the investigator and to avoid false positive
or negative conclusions
G) BY TARGETING SPECIFIC
GENETIC CHANGES
•the inhibitors of ras- modifying-enzyme farnesyl transferase that reverses the
malignant transformation in cancer cells containing the ras oncogene
•the inhibitors of specific tyrosine kinase that block the activity of oncogenic kinases.
•delivering a gene to cancer cells rendering them sensitive to drugs or delivering a
gene to healthy host cells to protect them from chemotherapy or tagging of cancer
cells with genes that make them immunogenic
THANK YOU