RECAP

Classify whether the chemical reaction is a

homogeneous or heterogeneous equilibrium.
Equilibrium Constant and the Pressure or
Concentration of Reactants or Products in
an
Equilibrium Mixture

GROUP 5
Forcado, Alex Dutcher L.
What is an Equilibrium constant?

Based on the concentrations of all the different reaction

species at equilibrium, we can define a quantity called the
equilibrium constant Kc, which is also sometimes written as Keq or
K. The c in the subscript stands for concentration since the
equilibrium constant describes the molar concentrations, in
mol/L, at equilibrium for a specific temperature.
What is an Equilibrium constant?

The equilibrium constant which was formulated by two

Norwegian chemists, Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage in
1864 can help us understand whether the reaction tends to
have a higher concentration of products or reactants at
equilibrium. We can also use Kc to determine if the reaction
is already at equilibrium.
How to calculate Kc ?

Suppose that we have a chemical equation in the form,

aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD
In order to calculate for Kc,
How to calculate Kc ?
In calculating for Kc,

• Kc is a constant for a specific reaction at a specific temperature. If you

change the temperature of a reaction, then Kc also changes.

• Pure solids and pure liquids, including solvents, are not included in the

equilibrium expression.

• Kc is often written without units, depending on the textbook.

• The reaction must be balanced with the coefficients written as the

lowest possible integer values in order to get the correct value for K c.
How to calculate Kc? (Gaseous)

The concentrations of reactants and products in gaseous reactions

can also be expressed in terms of their partial pressures. At constant
temperature, the pressure P of a gas is directly related to the concentration
in mol /L of the gas.
How to calculate Kc? (Gaseous)

Example:

Find the formula calculating the Kc of the

reaction:

HF(aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + F-(aq)

How to calculate Kc? (Gaseous)
How to calculate Kc? (Gaseous)

Example:

Find the formula calculating the Kc of the

reaction:

2NO (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2NO2 (g)

How to calculate Kc? (Gaseous)
How to calculate Kc?

Example:

Find the formula calculating the Kc of the reaction:

CH3COOH (aq) + C2H5OH (aq) ⇌ CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + H2O (l)

How to calculate Kc?
How to calculate Kc?

Example:

Find the formula calculating the Kc of the reaction:

(NH4)2Se (s) ⇌ 2NH3 (g) + H2Se (g)

How to calculate Kc?

KP = P NH3 PH2Se
2
How to calculate Kc?

Example:

Find the formula calculating the Kc of the reaction:

P4 (s) + 6Cl2 (g) ⇌ 4PCl3 (l)

Example:
The following equilibrium process has been studied at 230◦C:
2NO (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2NO2 (g)

In one experiment, the concentrations of the reacting species at

equilibrium are found to be [NO]= 0.0542 M, [O2] =0.127 M, and
[NO2]= 15.5 M. Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc) of the reaction
at this temperature.
ARIGATHANKS