Hybrid Effect of Nano Silica and Metakaolin on Mechanical

and Durability Parameter of Cement Mortar

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

IIT(BHU), Varanasi
Presented By Supervisor
Praveen Patel Dr. Kshitij Kumar Yadav
Introduction: Why mineral admixtures
1 kg cement = 0.9 kg CO2

Cement plant 2
Common mineral admixtures

Fly ash GGBS Silica fume 3

Common mineral admixtures

Metakaolin Nano-silica 4
Why nano-silica as mineral admixture
Strength Enhancement

Accelerate hydration rate Refine pore structure

Increase Durability 5
Why Metakaolin
Primary(Natural) product unlike
other SCMs that are by product

Major environmental
effect-Carbon abatement Stronger, denser & more
durable concrete

Good pozzolanic characteristics

6
Literature Review
Research paper Conclusion
1.Abd.el.aleem, S., Heikal, M., & Morsi, W. NS significantly increases the water demand
M. (2014). Hydration characteristics, thermal and consequently retards the setting process.
expansion, and microstructure of cement
containing nano-silica. Construction and
Building Materials, 59, 151–160.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.
02.039

2. Abhilash, P. P., Nayak, D. K., Sangoju, B.,
Kumar, R., & Kumar, V. (2021). Effect of nano-
silica in concrete; a review. Construction and
Building Materials, 278, 122347.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.
122347
The pozzolanic activity of nS is significantly
higher as compared to silica fume. Concrete
with nS exhibited higher compressive strength
than non-nS concrete at all ages.

7
3. Kara, İ. B. (2019). The effect of nano silica
on the properties of cement mortars
containing micro silica at elevated
temperatures. Revista Romana de Materiale/
Romanian Journal of Materials, 49(4), 518–
526.
4. Skoczylas, K., & Rucińska, T. (2019). The
effects of low curing temperature on the
properties of cement mortars containing
nano-silica. Nanotechnologies in Construction
A Scientific Internet-Journal, 11(5), 536–544.
https://doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2019-11
-5-536-544
It is well established that mechanical
properties of cement based composites are
adversely affected by thermal exposure.
Concrete typically loses between 10 to 20% of
its original compressive strength when heated
to 300 °C and between 60 to75% at 600°C .
The incorporation of nano-silica contributes to
a decrease in the porosity, and transport
properties, such as open porosity as well as
sorptivity.
.
8
5. Weng, T. L., Lin, W. T., & Cheng, A. (2013).
Effect of metakaolin on strength and
efflorescence quantity of cement-based
composites. The Scientific World Journal,
2013.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/606524
The replacement of cement using metakaolin at
percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%
increases compressive strength with a peak
increase in samples produced using 15%
metakaolin.

6. Taher A. Tawfik. (2019). Hybrid Effect of The addition of NS (up to 4%) to 20%MK
Nano Silica and Metakaolin on Mechanical cement mortar improves the compressive
Properties of Cement Mortar. International strength of the composites
Journal of Engineering Research And,
V8(03).
https://doi.org/10.17577/ijertv8is030145

9
Research Gap

+

Metakaolin
Cement

+
Cement Nano-silica

+ + ?
Cement Metakaolin Nano-silica 10
Objective

+ +

Cement Metakaolin Nano-silica

To find an effective mix of cement, metakaolin, and nano-silica

for mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar 11
 Methodology
Experimental program
Tests on binder

Fineness Specific Gravity Consistency Initial Setting Time Final Setting Time

Mortar Cube Casting

Tests on cubes

Compressive Strength Water Absorption Elevated Temperature

12
Material used Cement

Nano-silica

Water

IS Sand Metakaolin
Mortar Cube of size 70.6 mm

13
Test on Binder
A)Fineness test

90m sieve

Fineness of cement = 2%

B) Specific gravity test

Le-Chatelier flask

Specific gravity of Cement= 3.10

14
Consistency, Initial setting time & Final setting time

Samples for
IST & FST
Vicat apparatus

15
 MK20+NS4.5
38

16

MK20+NS3
36

MK20+NS1.5
33
consistency(%)

MK15+NS4.5
39

MK15+NS3
36

MK15+NS1.5
34

MK10+NS4.5
40

MK10+NS3
37

MK10+NS1.5
35

Sample
NS4.5
40

NS3
37

NS1.5
35

MK20
31

MK15
31

MK10
31

Ref
32
50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
consistency(%)
Consistency

Metakaolin

Nano-silica
MK

NS
Initial Setting Time (IST)
IST(min)
240

220
200
200 191
180 175

160
150
IST(min)

145 147
141
140 131 134
130
123 123 119
120 118
104
100 92
80

60

40

20

0
Ref

MK10

MK15

MK20

NS1.5

NS3

NS4.5

MK10+NS1.5

MK10+NS3

MK10+NS4.5

MK15+NS1.5

MK15+NS3

MK15+NS4.5

MK20+NS1.5

MK20+NS3

MK20+NS4.5
Sample
17
 18
498

MK20+NS4.5
514

MK20+NS3
523

MK20+NS1.5
FST(min)

490

MK15+NS4.5
510

MK15+NS3
520

MK15+NS1.5
485

MK10+NS4.5
495

MK10+NS3
507

MK10+NS1.5
Sample
464

NS4.5
474

NS3
486

NS1.5
538

MK20
Final Setting Time(FST)
531

MK15
520

MK10
503

Ref

0
600

500

400

300

200

100
FST(min)
Preparation of Mortar sample

19
Compressive Strength test

CTM Failure Pattern

20
Compressive Strength of Mortar
3-Days Strength
Compressive Strength
7-DaysStrength
7-Days Strength
28-DaysStrength
28-Days Strength
60

Compressive Strength (Mpa)

50

40

30

20

10

0
Ref

MK10

MK15

MK20

NS1.5

NS3

NS4.5

MK10+NS1.5

MK10+NS3

MK10+NS4.5

MK15+NS1.5

MK15+NS3

MK15+NS4.5

MK20+NS1.5

MK20+NS3

MK20+NS4.5
Sample
21
Water Absorption Test

Water Absorption of cubes exposed to one surface only(ASTM C1585)

22
Water Absorption
Water absorption(7-Days)
2.03
2.0

Water absorption(7-Days) (%)

1.82
1.75 1.72
1.62
1.52 1.5
1.5 1.41
1.3
1.24
1.2
1.11
1.02 1
1.0 0.92
0.86

0.5

0.0
Ref

MK10

MK15

MK20

NS1.5

NS3

NS4.5

MK10+NS1.5

MK10+NS3

MK10+NS4.5

MK15+NS1.5

MK15+NS3

MK15+NS4.5

MK20+NS1.5

MK20+NS3

MK20+NS4.5
Sample
23
Mortar Cubes at Elevated Temperature

350°C 500°C

Muffle Furnace 1200°C

650°C 24
Compressive Strength at Elevated temperature
28-Days Strength
CS at 200°C
CS at 350°C
60 CS at 500°C
CS at 650°C

50

28-Days Strength (Mpa)

40

30

20

10

0
Ref

MK10

MK15

MK20

NS1.5

NS3

NS4.5

MK10+NS1.5

MK10+NS3

MK10+NS4.5

MK15+NS1.5

MK15+NS3

MK15+NS4.5

MK20+NS1.5

MK20+NS3

MK20+NS4.5
SAMPLE
25
% Residual Strength at 500°C
80 Residual CS at 500°C
75.5
73.4 73.7 72.5
71.4 72.1
70 69.2 68.2 68.9 68.2 68.8
66.3 65.4

Residual CS at 500°C (%)

60.8 59.6
60 56.9

50

40

30

20

10

0
Ref

MK10

MK15

MK20

NS1.5

NS3

NS4.5

MK10+NS1.5

MK10+NS3

MK10+NS4.5

MK15+NS1.5

MK15+NS3

MK15+NS4.5

MK20+NS1.5

MK20+NS3

MK20+NS4.5
Sample
26
Conclusion

• The effective mix for the Compressive Strength of Mortar is MK10+NS3.

• At mix MK10+NS3, Compressive Strength increases by 21% compared to
normal cement mortar.
• 7-days Water Absorption is Minimum(0.86%) at mix MK10+NS3.
• Maximum Residual strength(at 500°C) is 75% which is at mix MK10+NS3.

• Based on the above results, it is concluded that an effective mix for

Mechanical and Durability properties is MK10+NS3.

27
Thank you

28