HAZARD

COMMUNICATION
 Hazard Communication (1910.1200)
Cited in Construction
Written program
196
1200(e)(1)

Information & training

Standard: 1910.

91
1200(h)(1)

Material Safety Data Sheets

63
1200(g)(1)
Training initially & for new hazards
57
1200(h)

MSDS’s readily accessible

49
1200(g)(8)
 Chemicals Common to
Construction Work Sites
• Acetone Cutting oil
• Acetylene gas Adhesives
• Diesel gas or diesel oil Aggregate
• Aluminum etching agent Enamel
• Ammonia Etching agents
• Anti-freeze Ethyl alcohol
• Arsenic compounds Explosives
• Fiberglass, mineral wool Asphalt (Petroleum)
• Bleaching agents Galvanized junction boxes/outlets
• Caulking, sealant agents Glues
• Cleaners Grouts
• Cleaning agents Gypsum (calcium sulfate)
• Kerosene Photogravure ink (copy machine ink)
• Lime (calcium oxide) Pipe threading oil
• Masonry material Putty
• Metal conduit PVC pipe cement
• Mortar Roofing felts (asbestos/tarred, etc.)
• Motor oil additives Shellac
• Muriatic acid Thinner/ solvents
• Oxygen Varnishes
• Paint remover Wood alcohol
 Hazard Communication
Basic Elements
• Develop a Written Program
• Maintain MSDS
• Ensure Proper Labeling
• Implement Employee Training
 Hazard Communication
Written Program
• Specific for each work place
• Assign responsibility for tasks
• Must include a chemical inventory
• An example is in the Federal Register
 Hazard Communication
MSDS Requirements
• Supplied by manufacturer/distributor
• Have on hand for each hazardous chemical
• Must be accessible to affected employees
• No standardized format
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
SECTION CONTENTS

I Product Identity
II Hazardous Ingredients
III Physical/Chemical Characteristics
IV Fire/Explosion/Physical Hazard Data
V Reactivity Data
VI Health Hazards Data
VII Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
VIII Control Measures/Protection Information
IX Additional Information
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• Workers must:
– Have access to MSDS sheets
– Understand how to read the MSDS
– Be familiar with the HAZCOM
program for your facility
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Properly Labeled

• Identity of the Material

• Appropriate Hazard Warnings
• Label must be in English
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION

• Labeling
– The label says windshield washer fluid
– This container held a black, oily
substance
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• Unlabeled containers can result in:
– Costly fines
– Incorrect use of the chemical
– Employee injury
– Facility fires
– Even death!
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• This container was found beneath a
job trailer.
• It is unlabeled
• Is it flammable?
• Is it releasing vapors
or toxins?
HAZARD COMMUNICATION

• What is CDC-10?
• Other bottles are correctly labeled.
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• If the manufacturer has
labeled the container and
includes the warnings you
don’t have to re-label the
container
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION

• Take the time to label

all containers of
hazardous chemicals
• Use the MSDS as a
guide for labeling
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
RATING SYSTEMS
THREE SYSTEMS

• NFPA
• National Fire Protection Association

• DOT
• Department of Transportation

• HMIS
•Hazardous Material Identification System
HAZARD COMMUNICATION

• This is the HMIS Label

• The hazard is rated from
highest (4) to lowest (0).
• Use the equipment specified
to protect yourself from
hazards
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• The NFPA 704 label
• Degree of hazards
from 0 to 4
• Look for hazards to:
• Health
• Fire
• Reactivity
• Specific Hazards
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
• The DOT labels
• 9 hazardous classes
• Same as placards on
vehicles carrying
HazMat.
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Employee Training
• Required by 29 CFR 1910.1200
• Accessibility of MSDS, chemical inventory
and written program
• Specifics of the hazardous chemicals in the
work area
• Performance based evaluation
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
OSHA Expectations
• Employees must be aware of their exposure
to hazardous chemicals
• Employees must know how to read and use
the MSDS AND the labels
• Employees must follow appropriate
protective measures
• Performance based evaluation!
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Employees must know:
• Physical and health hazards
• Means to detect presence or release of
hazardous chemicals
• Emergency procedures, SOP, PPE
• Explanation of your labeling system
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Routes of entry
(How this stuff gets into you!)

• ABSORPTION
• INGESTION
• INHALATION
• INJECTION
 HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Effects of exposure
• Acute
• You become ill in a short amount of time,
sometimes immediately
• Chronic
• The chemical builds up in your system over
time until it overloads your filtering mechanism
• Chemicals target organs such as eyes, liver or
kidney over a period of time
 Exposure Limits
American Conference of Government
Industrial Hygienists:
• Threshold Limit Values (TLV) (Respiratory)
• Biological Exposure Indices (BEI). (Dermal)
• 8 Hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA)
• How much a worker can be exposed to in an
8 Hour shift for entire worklife.
• Published annually by ACGIH
• Provides Exposure Levels.
• Legally Enforceable
 Exposure Limits
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA):

• Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL’s)

• Found in 29 CFR 1910.1000 (The “Z” Tables)
• Establishes OSHA’s Exposure Levels
• Legally Enforceable
 Exposure Limits
National Institute for Occupational Safety And
Health (NIOSH):

• Recommended Exposure Limits (REL’s)

• Used to Develop New OSHA Standards
• Found in: “NIOSH Recommendations for
Occupational Health Standards”
 MSDS Terms
• Specific Gravity
• A ratio of weight of a substance to an equal weight of
water. (Water being = one)
• If the ratio is less than one they will float
• Solubility
• The percentage of a substance that will dissolve in
water at room temperature.
• This determines how well a material will mix in water.
(Water soluble materials can be absorbed through the
skin)
 MSDS Terms
Hazardous Material
• Ignitability Flammable or combustible.
• Flash point < 140 degrees
• Reactivity Reacts with other materials.
• Unstable, hypergolic
• Corrosivity Deteriorates other substances.
• Ph of < 2 or > 12.5
• Toxicity Harmful to living things.
•As listed in Z tables or ?
 MSDS Terms
• Upper Flammable Limit (UFL)
• Also called Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)
• Concentrations above this level are too rich
to burn

• Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)

• Also called Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
• Concentrations below this level are too lean
to burn
 MSDS Terms
• Vapor Pressure
• The pressure that a vapor exerts above its own liquid.
(This can tell how quickly a substance becomes
airborne in the workplace)

• Vapor Density
• The weight of a vapor/gas compared to air. (Will the
vapor rise or fall in the atmosphere?)
 MSDS Terms
• Flash Point
• The lowest temperature that a substance produces
enough vapor to flash and continue to burn

• Evaporation Rate
• The rate at which a substance vaporizes.
• Greater than 3 is fast
• Less than 0.8 is slow
• The faster a substance evaporates, the quicker it will be
in the air for you to breathe
 MSDS Terms
• Melting Point
• The temperature above which a solid
becomes a liquid

• Boiling Point
• The temperature at which a liquid or
solid becomes vapor
• Store materials below their boiling point
 MSDS Terms
• Oxidizer
• A compound that releases oxygen during a chemical
reaction or fire
• This oxygen release feeds the fire

• Polymerization
• A chemical reaction in which two substances combine
to form a third substance and generates heat
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
Gases
• Used in a Compressed Form
• Can Effect All Routes of Entry

Vapors
• The evaporation of liquids or solids
• Amount of vapor depends on
•Exposed surface area
•Temperature
•Vapor pressure of chemical
 SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
Fumes
• Metallic
• Formed by Welding, Cutting, or Brazing
• Extremely Hazardous to Inhale

Particulates
• Composed of particles that are suspended in Air
• Dust, Mists, or Smokes
• Can create explosive or hazardous atmosphere
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
TERATOGEN: (Latin - “The Study of Monsters”)

• AFFECTS IN ANIMALS: • AFFECTS IN HUMANS:

– Quinine – Anesthetic Gases
– Boric Acid – Organic Mercury
– Insecticides Compounds
– Pesticides – Ionizing Radiation
– Chloroform – German Measles
– Carbon Tetrachloride – Thalidomide
– Benzene
– Xylene
– Propylene Glycol
 SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
• Mutagenic:
• Causes Mutation in the Genetic Code
• Can Cause Changes in Chromosomes
•Hydrogen Peroxide (a Bleaching Agent)
•Ethyleneimine (Alkylating Agent)
•Ethylene Oxide (Hospital Sterilant)
•Hydrazine (Used in Rocket Fuel)
•Ionizing Radiation Exposure
•Benzene
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS

•Carcinogenic
•Can Cause Cancer
•Can Cause or Accelerate Tumors

- Acrylimide -Beryllium - Nickel Sulfide

- Acrylonitrile - Calcium Chromate - Tetranitromethane
- 4-Aminodiphenyl - Chromium (Vi) - O-Tolidine
- Arsenic - Ethylene Dichloride - Vinyl Bromide
- Benzine - Ethylene Oxide - Xylidine
- Benzidine - Lead Chromate - Zinc Chromates
 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Review the Material Safety Data Sheet
• Questions? Check with your supervisor