ISSUE #2

Why is Global Population Increasing?

Through most of
human history
population growth
was virtually nil.
Population
increased rapidly
beginning in the
18th century.
 IMPORTANT
MEASUREMENTS

Crude Birth Rate Crude Death Rate

Natural Increase Rate

MEASURING NIR
• just subtract CDR from CBR

ex. CBR = 20 (20 per 1,000)

CDR = 5 (5 per 1,000)

- therefore the NIR = 15 or 1.5 %

(remember, it’s out of 1,000; not
100)

--- know the global trends over

the past 60 years (pp.50-51)
The NIR declined from its historic peak in the 1960s, but the number
of people added each year has not declined very much because with
world population increasing from 2.5 billion to more than 7 billion
people during the period, the percentage has been applied to an ever
larger base.
TRUE/FALSE?
• As NIR decreases, the overall
population automatically
decreases as well.
TRUE/FALSE?
• As NIR decreases, the overall
population automatically
decreases as well.

FALSE – see graph on p.51

WHERE IS NIR INCREASING?
• Almost all growth in NIR is
clustered in LDCs

• It is negative in parts of Europe

* What are the implications of

this?
NATURAL INCREASE RATE
FERTILITY
• Global map of CBR mirrors that
of NIR, why?

• What is the TFR?

• Sub-Saharan Africa vs. Europe?
CRUDE BIRTH RATE
TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
MORTALITY
• CDR does not follow the pattern of other demographic statistics
when comparing LDCs and MDCs
• Why not?
CRUDE DEATH RATE
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
• They are used to show a country’s
unique population structure

• They can vary greatly within a

country
• Why?

• Make sure you understand

Dependency Ration and Sex Ratio
(p.54)
 Laredo has a broad pyramid, indicating higher
percentages of young people and fertility rates. Lawrence
has a higher percentage of people in their twenties
because it is the home of the University of Kansas.
Naples has a high percentage of elderly people, especially
women, so its pyramid is upside down.
DEPENDENCY RATIO
SEX RATIO
KEY ISSUE #2 REVIEW
Provide an example/explanation of
how a country’s NIR could equal
1.6%.
True/False – the NIR peaked in the
1960s and then decreased during
the late 20 century.
th
True/False – As the NIR decreased
the overall population must also
decrease.
True/False – The nations with the
highest NIR tend to also be the
same as those with high CBRs and
TFRs.
 If a nation has a very high life
expectancy would you expect it to
most likely have a high or low
infant mortality rate?
 In general, the IMR reflects a
nation’s ___________________
True/False – the combined CDR for
LDCs is actually lower than that of
MDCs.
 Which of the following has the
highest CBR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. Europe
c. East Asia
 Which of the following has the
lowest CDR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. Europe
c. South America
 Which of the following has the
highest NIR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. North America
c. South Asia
 Which of the following has the
highest TFR?
a. Middle East
b. Europe
c. North America
 Which of the following has the
lowest IMR?
a. North America
b. Southeast Asia
c. South America
Provide an example/explanation of
how a country’s NIR could equal
1.6%.

(CBR is 100 and CDR is 84)

True/False – the NIR peaked in the
1960s and then decreased during
the late 20 century.
th

(True)
True/False – As the NIR decreased
the overall population must also
decrease.

(False)
True/False – The nations with the
highest NIR tend to also be the
same as those with high CBRs and
TFRs.

(True)
 If a nation has a very high life
expectancy would you expect it to
most likely have a high or low
infant mortality rate?

(low)
 In general, the IMR reflects a
nation’s ___________________

(health care system)

True/False – the combined CDR for
LDCs is actually lower than that of
MDCs.

(True)
 Which of the following has the
highest CBR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. Europe
c. East Asia
(sub-Saharan Africa)
 Which of the following has the
lowest CDR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. Europe
c. South America
(South America)
 Which of the following has the
highest NIR?
a. sub-Saharan Africa
b. North America
c. South Asia
(sub-Saharan Africa)
 Which of the following has the
highest TFR?
a. Middle East
b. Europe
c. North America
(Middle East)
 Which of the following has the
lowest IMR?
a. North America
b. Southeast Asia
c. South America
(North America)