WELCOME TO MY

PRESENTATION

5/10/2018 1
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A SINGLE
ICE-CREAM CONE ANTENNA FOR UWB
RECEIVER
Presented by
Aye Aye Khine
Technological University
(Yamethin)
 Outlines of presentation

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Aim and Objectives
• Block Diagram of MB-OFDM UWB Direct-conversion
Receiver
• Design of Monopole Antenna
• Simulation Result of Monopole Antenna
• Discussion & Conclusion

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 Abstract

• Ultra-wideband (UWB) system is a new wireless technology.

• The design of a single ice-cream cone monopole antenna for
ultra-wideband receiver.
• The substrate is chosen to be Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 material
with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 1.575 mm.
• This antenna occupies the entire 3.1-10.6 GHz spectrum band.
• The best antenna performance was obtained at the size of 7.7×
6.77 mm2.
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 Introduction

• Ultra Wide Band is used in short-range and high-speed wireless

communication applications.
• FCC of USA allowed 3.1~10.6 GHz unlicensed band for low
power ultra wideband communication.
• The IEEE 802.15.3a working group on WPAN is developing a
high data rate capable of operation using UWB transmission.
• An antenna plays a crucial role in UWB systems.

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 Aim and Objectives

• To implement wireless communications systems with ultra-

wideband communication system.
• To find the appropriate antennas for UWB applications.
• To find a methodology that enables the design of the antenna.
• To design ice-cream cone monopole antenna for MB-OFDM
UWB direct-conversion receiver.

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Relationship of Wireless Network
 IEEE 802.15.3a UWB System

Direct Sequence Code Division Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency

Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) Division Multiplexing (MB-
OFDM)

Frequency Plan of MB-OFDM UWB System 8

 Advantages of UWB
• Low-power operation Power levels of UWB Signal and
other wireless technologies
• High capacity
• Low cost
• Low probability of detection and
low probability of jamming
capabilities
• Low interference levels to Comparison of Spatial Capacity

existing services
• Higher immunity to multi-path
fading effects
• Ability to penetrate walls, etc
• Availability of precise location
information
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 UWB Major Application Areas
TV
DVD
DVR

a) Communications VHS

 Wireless Audio, Data & Video Distribution

Access
Point

 RF Tagging & Identification Lap Top

Digital Camera MP3

Updated data transmission to

b) Radar
the doctor when approaching
Data transmission
from the patient
the patient
 Collision/Obstacle Avoidance
to the device(s)

Continuous data
transmission  Precision Altimetry
during the Wireless location
transportation
 Intrusion Detection (“see through wall”)
and tracking
Data transmission
from devices Data transmission
to the data system from the system
Data transmission
to the database
to the doctor
 Ground Penetrating Radar
Access Point
UWB WBAN
Access

c) Precision Geo location

Home Point
802.16e WiMAX
802.11 WLAN
Access Vehicle ID/Tracking
or Cellular
Point
UWB WBAN
Hospital Access
802.11p VANET or
802.16e WiMAX  Asset Tracking
Point
802.11 WLAN Access Point Personnel ID/Tracking
 Personnel localization
UWB WBAN
PDA Laptop
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 Block Diagram of MB-OFDM UWB
Direct-conversion Receiver

Incoming signal Mixer

(6-10.6 GHz) ADC

LPF VGA

LNA 0 DSP
90 Processor
BPF Local Oscillator

ADC
RF Front-End
Mixer VGA
LPF
 Specifications for UWB Antenna Values

Base station Portable antenna

antenna
Frequency 2-10 GHz 3-10GHz

Matching Typical VSWR <1.5 Typical VSWR < 2

VSWR < 2 VSWR < 3
Radiation efficiency 50% 10%
(min)
Directivity(typical) 0-30 dB 0 dB

Fidelity (typical) > 0.7 > 0.7

Size Not specified Area < 100 cm2

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 Types of UWB Antenna

 TEM Horn  Folded-horn antenna  Dipoles and Monopoles

Folded horn with
apex angel Φ

 TEM Horn Variants

Φ V

 Impulse Radiating Antenna (IRA)

(a) Bow tie (b) Diamond (c) Elliptical (d) Circular
 Loop antenna
Not folded horn with same
Aperture and angel at the apex Φ

SMA SMA SMA

(a) Square (b) Circle (c) Triangle

 Antenna Arrays SMA

(d) Trapezoid
SMA
(e) “Bishop’s Hat”

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 UWB Antenna
Requirements
Features of
• Smaller size,
Monopole Antenna
• Low profile,
• Light weight, and • Simple structure,
• Easy fabrication • Easy fabrication,
characteristics • Wide frequency
bandwidth, and
• Satisfactory radiation
patterns.
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Design of Monopole
Antenna (3~10.6GHz)

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 Specification of UWB Monopole Antenna

For UWB, Absolute Bandwidth

(ABW) ≥ 500 MHz and
Fractional Bandwidth (FBW)
is at least 0.2. ABW  FH  FL  10.6  3.1  7.5GHz
FH  FL 10.6  3.1
FBW  2 2  1.09
FH  FL 10.6  3.1
F 10.6
BW  H   3.42
FL 3.1

By using Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 material with a relative permittivity

εr = 2.2 and a thickness of 1.575 mm.

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 Geometry of ice-cream cone monopole

Z
L1
θ
W h Y
W1

L
(b)Side view
(a)The coordinate system

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 Calculations of UWB Monopole Antenna
Parameters
For feed gap
For ground plane For cone
c L
 h  0.822  2W
f 2 L1 
5
 c W
L  ,W  W1  Wi 
4W
4 2f  r 5 
Parameters Frequency (GHz)
(mm)
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

L 25 18.7 15 12.5 10.7 9.4 8.3 7.5 6.8

W 33.7 25.3 20.2 16.8 14.4 12.6 11.2 10.1 9.2

h 10.3 7.7 6.2 5.1 4.4 3.9 3.4 3.1 2.3

W1 6.7 5.1 4 3.4 2.9 2.5 2.2 2 1.8

L1 13.4 10.2 8 6.8 5.8 5 4.4 4 3.6

Wi 42.9 32.2 25.7 21.4 18.3 16 14.3 12.8 11.7

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Design Procedure of Ice-cream cone Monopole

Consider the effect of the Ground Plane

Specify the Length(L) & Width (W) of the Ground Plane

Consider the effect of the Feed Gap

Specify the Length(h) & Width (W1) of the Feed Gap

Consider the effect of the Cone

Specify the Length(L1) & Arc (Wi) of the Cone

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 Effect of the Ground Plane
Simulated return loss curve of monopole
without ground plane

Return loss, dB
L= 7.7mm
L= 6.7mm
L= 8.7mm
L= 9.7mm

Freq, GHz
Return loss, dB

Simulated Return Loss Curve of Monopole

W= 5.36mm for Different Lengths(L) of the Ground Plane
W= 6.36mm
W= 7.36mm
W= 8.36mm
Simulated Return Loss Curve of Monopole
for Different Widths(W) of the Ground Plane
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Freq, GHz
Return loss, dB
Effect of the Feed Gap

h = 0.3mm
h = 1.3mm Simulated Return Loss Curve of
h = 2.3mm Monopole for Different Lengths(h) of
h = 3.3mm the Feed Gap

Freq, GHz

W1= 1.9mm
Return loss, dB

Simulated Return Loss Curve of W1= 5.9mm

W1= 30.9mm
Monopole for Different Widths(W1) of W1= 50.9mm
the Feed Gap

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Freq, GHz
 Effect of the Ice-Cream Cone
Simulated return loss curve of monopole
without cone
Return loss, dB

Return loss, dB
L1= 1.11mm
L1= 0.11mm
L1= 2.11mm
Freq, GHz
L1= 3.11mm

Freq, GHz
Return loss, dB

Simulated Return Loss Curve of Monopole for

Different Lengths(L1) of the Ice-cream Cone
Wi= 5.52mm
Wi= 6.52mm
Wi= 7.52mm Simulated Return Loss Curve Monopole
Wi= 10.52mm for Different Wi of the Ice-cream Cone
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Freq, GHz
 Effect of Tilted Angle (θ)
Return loss, dB

Simulated Return Loss Curve

Monopole for Different Angle(θ)
θ = 50°
of the Ice-cream Cone
θ = 110°
θ = 120°
θ = 160°

Freq, GHz 23
Geometry of Microstrip Proposed Antenna

Wi =6.52 mm

L1=1.11mm
W1=1.9mm θ=50
h=0.3mm

L=7.7mm
W=5.36mm

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Simulation Results of
Monopole Antenna

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 Simulation Setup for Proposed Monopole
Antenna

MRS TUB
MS ub cone
S-PARAMETERS VS WR
S ubs t="MS ub1"
MS UB Wi=6.52 m m VS WR
S _P a ra m
MS ub1 L=1.11 m m VS WR1
SP1
H=1.575 m m MLIN
Angle =50 VS WR1=vs wr(S 11)
S ta rt=2.0 GHz
S top=12.0 GHz Er=2.2 fe e dga p
Mur=1 S ubs t="MS ub1"
S te p=0.1 MHz
Cond=5.8E7 W=1.9 m m
Hu=1.0e +033 m m L=0.3 m m
T=0.0000001 m m
Ta nD=0
Rough=0 m m Te rm Te rm
MTEE_ADS
Te rm 1 Te rm 2
groundpla
Num =1 ne Num =2
SZ=50
ubs t="MS
Ohmub1"
Z=50 Ohm
W1=2.68 m m
W2=2.68 m m
W3=7.7 m m

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 Simulated Return
Loss of Proposed
Return loss (dB)

Antenna

Freq (GHz)

Voltage Standing
VSWR

Wave Ratio of
Simulated Antenna
Freq (GHz)
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 Path Loss of
Proposed Antenna

cone

feed gap

Layout of the
Proposed Antenna ground plane

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Simulation of Co-polarization and Cross-polarization 3D Radiation
Patterns for Ice-cream Cone Antenna

Co-polarization at 3GHz Co-polarization at 7.67GHz Co-polarization at 10GHz

Cross-polarization at 3GHz Cross-polarization at 7.67GHz Cross-polarization at 10GHz

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Simulation of 3D Radiation Patterns in the X-Y, X-Z and Y-Z planes
at 3GHz, 5.3GHz, 7.67GHz, 9.2GHz and 10GHz

X-Y at 3GHz X-Y at 5.3GHz X-Y at 7.67GHz X-Y at 9.2GHz X-Y at 10GHz

X-Z at 3GHz X-Z at 5.3GHz X-Z at 7.67GHz X-Z at 9.2GHz X-Z at 10GHz

Y-Z at 3GHz Y-Z at 5.3GHz Y-Z at 7.67GHz Y-Z at 9.2GHz Y-Z at 10GHz
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 Simulation of Antenna Gain and Directivity
9

5
dB

4 Gain
Directivity
3

0
3 4.3 5.5 6.8 7.4 8.1 8.5 9.3 9.97 10.6
Freq, GHz
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 Discussions

• An ice-cream cone monopole antenna is created with printing a

semicircle on the top of trapezoidal element and a square etched
from the ground.
• Effect of the ground plane, feed gap and cone are considered with
various parameters for this antenna design.
• Several simulations for the optimization of the proposed antenna
design have been performed by using ADS software.

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 Conclusion

• Ice-cream cone monopole antenna, is designed for UWB

applications.
• The UWB antenna design have achieved ultra broad bandwidth with
enhanced performance with a high return loss greater than -10dB
from 2-11GHz.
• As the designed antenna is low cost and small size, it can be used as
a portable antenna.
• The simulation results of antenna meet the design specifications of
the system. 33
THANK YOU

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